HomeMy WebLinkAbout07 24 2012 PC MinutesAlbemarle County Planning Commission
July 24, 2012
The Albemarle County Planning Commission held a regular meeting on Tuesday, July
24, 2012, at 6:00 p.m., at the County Office Building, Lane Auditorium, Second Floor,
401 McIntire Road, Charlottesville, Virginia.
Members attending were Richard Randolph, Bruce Dotson, Ed Smith, Thomas Loach,
Don Franco, Calvin Morris, Chair; and Russell (Mac) Lafferty, Vice Chair. Julia
Monteith, AICP, Senior Land Use Planner for the University of Virginia was present.
Other officials present were Elaine Echols, Principal Planner; Andy Sorrell, Senior
Planner; Wayne Cilimberg, Director of Planning, Amelia McCulley, Director of
Zoning/Zoning Administrator; J.T. Newberry, Senior Planner; and Greg Kamptner,
Deputy County Attorney.
Call to Order and Establish
Mr. Morris, Chair, called the regular meeting to order at 6:00 p.m. and established a
quorum.
Other Matters Not Listed on the Agenda from the Public:
Mr. Morris invited comment from the public on other matters not listed on the agenda.
Diane Webber spoke regarding allowing restaurants at wineries to benefit tourism and
serve County residents.
Kellyn Kusyk spoke in support of urban agriculture and specifically the raising of
American Guinea Hogs in the R-1 residential zoning.
Charles Battig, county resident, spoke regarding the Comp Plan Update and the
negative consequences of "smart growth". (Attachment A - Memo dated 7-24-2012 to
Albemarle County Planning Commission from Charles Battig)
Staff noted that comments regarding Urban Agriculture and the Livability Project Goals
should be taken during the work session.
There being no further comments, the meeting moved to the next item.
Work Session
Comprehensive Plan -
Urban Agriculture - Supporting small-scale agricultural production in the Development
Areas
Andy Sorrell presented the Power -Point presentation, as follows.
Tonight's discussion is urban agricultural and how they can discuss that in our
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Comprehensive Plan.
Perspective
Earlier in the 20th century urban agriculture involved having chickens and community
gardens. Urban agriculture was something commonly seen in cities and urban areas,
especially during World War I and II and something the government encouraged
citizens to do.
How Do We Get Food Now?
Basically now food comes from far away
wherever it may come from.
Examples — Rural Chickens
There is a large cost to get that food to us
A rooster was something they would not want in an urban center.
Examples — Urban gardening
— Community garden
— Rooftop garden in a city
Examples — Chickens, Goats
- Backyard Hens & backyard goat
Examples — Beekeeping
— Bee hives on suburban style lot (limited #)
",law — Beehive and keeper in a city setting
How is it Currently Addressed?
• Comp. Plan supports agricultural uses in Rural Areas
• Silent on support for small-scale agricultural uses in DAs
• Zoning permits all forms of agriculture in RA and Village Residential (VR) districts
• Zoning only permits gardening as accessory use to a dwelling in residential
districts
• Recent years have included requests for laying hens, pigs, and goats.
Albemarle's Comprehensive Plan supports agriculture in the Rural Areas, but does not
mention support for small-scale agriculture in the Development Areas. The zoning
ordinance allows for all forms of agriculture in Rural Areas and Village Residential
zoning districts. In the urban zoning districts (which include all residential districts)
production of fruits and vegetables is permitted as an accessory use to a dwelling (i.e.
gardening). However, such use is not permitted as a primary use of a property. While
the typical requests from the public to the Zoning Administrator are for the keeping of a
few laying hens (backyard chickens) or keeping of a few goats for milk production, it
should be noted that gardening as a stand-alone use is not permitted in urban zoning
districts Beekeeping has not been a request, although it is likely occurring. A request
to keep pot-bellied pigs as pets was made by an owner several years ago, but the
Board determined that this should not occur in the Development Areas due to significant
impacts of pigs.
What's the Problem?
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There are animals that are already currently permitted in Development Areas or growth
areas such as dogs that have the potential for noise and being nuisances.
When it comes to urban agricultural activities they want to make sure that the people
that are getting involved in those activities know what they are getting into. There may
be certain limitations on it. If they have animals that escape or they expect were hens
but ended up being roosters — a place where they can go. Most of the times SPCA's
and places like that are not equipped to take farm animals. So they would have to find
other means for taking stray animals that might be caught or other situations.
Purpose of Work Session:
• Consider whether Albemarle's Comp. Plan should support urban agriculture in
the Development Areas.
• If so, then ZTAs would follow to allow for this use under certain conditions
Background:
Current interest in:
• Locally grown
• Organic
• Chickens (laying hens)
• Pigs
• Goats
• Bees
What is Urban Agriculture
• producing, raising and cultivating items for local sale and consumption within an
urban context
• Wide variety of activities can include:
What is Urban Agriculture?
As found in a piece written by Ms. Kate Voight for the Boston College Environmental
Affairs Law Review,
"The terms "urban agriculture" and "urban farming" encompass a wide variety of
activities. They can include: growing tomatoes on a roof to supplement a family's dinner;
cultivating a variety of crops on vacant, industrial plots to sell at a local farmers' market;
and raising chickens in a backyard coop to produce enough eggs for a few families.
Assigning one definition is difficult because of this diversity, but in general, urban
agriculture includes "any processes that produce traditional subsistence, nutritional or
commercially profitable food or other grown or raised products, removed from rural
domains, and instead cultivate them in special intensive conditions within the urban
context or in its surrounding buffer, peri-urban, regions." Urban agriculture often
employs "resources (unused or under -used space, organic waste), services
(technical extension, financing, transportation), and products (agrochemicals,
tools, vehicles) ... and, in turn, generates resources (green areas, microclimates,
compost), services (catering, recreation, therapy), and products (flowers, poultry,
dairy) largely for this urban area."
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How is it addressed elsewhere?
• Most information found in localities zoning ordinances
• some urban localities do not support agricultural production in residential areas
or discourage it
• Some support agriculture production in residential districts with limitations
• Enforcement usually by zoning or animal control
— Many urban areas searching for ways to support concept without compromising
resident health and safety
— Staff reviewed Comp. Plans of multiple localities — found that most address urban
agriculture as part of an overall sustainability theme
— Most information found in localities zoning ordinances
— some urban localities do not support agricultural production in residential areas
(Rockingham Co., City of Portsmouth) in residential districts) or discourage it
(Chesterfield Co. — req. SUP )
— Some support ag. production in res. districts with limitations (Town of Culpeper,
City of Charlottesville)
— Enforcement usually by zoning or animal control
Charlottesville
• Charlottesville
— Permits chickens (no roosters), small goats (limit 2) & bees
— Does not permit cows, pigs or sheep
— Enforced by Animal Control
— Have had no major issues with diseases, cruelty/mishandling; biggest
issue is chickens running loose
Common Regulatory Themes:
• Limits on # of animals permitted per household;
• Limits on types/ size of animals kept;
• Nuisance clauses for noise, odor disease, pests, waste disposal and predation;
• Permits/fees for keeping animals;
• Enclosure/containment & slaughtering restrictions;
• Setbacks for animal enclosures from dwellings and or property lines
Where localities allow for urban agriculture, there are common regulatory themes which
include:
--Limits on the number of animals permitted per household (commonly 3-4 chickens
are permitted per household, with more possible by special use permit if meeting
certain standards. Some require a minimum square footage per animal);
--Limits on the types of animals that could be kept. The most commonly permitted
were chickens (hens), ducks, quail, small goats, rabbits and bees. The following
animals are not usually permitted due to issues with excessive noise, space
constraints, difficulty in containing the animals, etc.: roosters (male chickens),
geese, guinea fowl, pigs, larger goats, cows, sheep and horses;
--Limits on the size of goats;
--Rules concerning odor and waste disposal;
--Nuisance clauses for noise, odor, disease, pests, waste disposal and predators
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--Permits and fees required for keeping animals (no different than for keeping dogs
or cats);
--Enclosure/ containment restrictions (no at -large running; Coops are best treated
like dog houses which don't require building permits);
--Slaughtering restrictions (either not at all or only in an enclosed structure); and
--Setbacks for animal enclosure areas from property lines (common range is 10 — 90
feet) and distance restrictions in relation to dwellings (often range from 20-50
feet).
Important to also keep in mind:
Urban agriculture regulations that incorporate citizen input in the creation stage
ensure an ordinance that best fits the needs (and is supported by) the
community; and
If regulations are unclear and guidance is not provided to citizens, a higher
percentage of code enforcement issues and neighbor disputes will arise.
Considerations for Albemarle:
• If regulations changed, what kind of enforcement would be necessary & how
would it be done?
• What happens to strays? (loose animals)
• Level of production desired?
• How would community education be provided?
-- If regulations changed, what kind of enforcement would be necessary & how would it
be done?
-- Staff time to investigate complaints will be needed, either by the Zoning
Division or by the Animal Control staff.
Investigations of complaints takes time and staff resources.
-- Cross -training of departments would be needed since typically both
Zoning and Animal Control receive complaints and questions.
-- Staff would need to be available to assist residents in permitting and
understanding regulations.
-- Animal control staff was wary due to the additional enforcement & they
are at capacity with 3 officers covering the whole County.
-- Zoning enforcement staff has been reduced from 74 3 in recent years.
-- Complaints about potential zoning violations are up 10% with remaining
staff handing a greater workload.
-- Additional enforcement responsibilities may delay response times or
times to abate violations in general depending on the extent of the Zoning
Division's involvement.
-- Cville Animal Control fields several calls a month — mostly asking permitting
questions
-- What happens to strays? Most groups like SPCA are not equipped to take farm
animals — need alternatives for strays
-- Most localities enforce through Animal Control or Zoning Dept.
-- Albemarle has had a minimal # of complaints — last one took about 4 hours not
including adjudication if needed
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-- Level of production desired?
-- Support in all or part of the DAs? Some places not appropriate? How many &
what kind should be allowed? Should permits be required? What parameters are
needed to protect residents, adjacent property owners as well and livestock?
-- How would community education be provided?
-- Many in the community believe that local food production should be
supported in the Development Areas.
-- But, there are residents who have strong feelings that livestock should
not be allowed in residential areas.
-- Activities would be needed to help people understand how urban
livestock and bees can be managed in residential areas without negative impacts.
Relation to Comp Plan
Support for urban agriculture in the Development Areas requires additional
Comp. Plan guidance on:
— what types of agriculture are appropriate in the Development Areas and
— how activities/uses should be managed so that zoning regulations could
follow that allow the activity
Language to Consider:
Objective: Support local food production and consumption through the use of urban
agriculture practices as a means for increasing access to healthy, local and affordable
foods and encouraging the productive use of vacant land.
Strategy: Encourage and promote appropriate agricultural uses of urban land.
Adopt zoning regulations that:
— Clearly define urban agriculture, including the allowance for gardening as
a stand-alone use as well as stipulation of what animals is permitted and
which ones are not and other limitations. Strong consideration should be
given to only allowing chickens (no roosters) and small goats which have
been neutered.
— Allow for beekeeping with restrictions on the number of hives and
performance standards to prevent negative impacts to adjoining residents
and people.
— Discourage health and nuisance hazards sometimes associated with
agricultural activities, which may include setback requirements, yard size
requirements, and complaint procedures
— Require a permit be issued for keeping of bees, small livestock, and
poultry to ensure that operators understand the regulations and also to
provide guidance on resources for assistance.
— Require a waste management plan with keeping of small livestock and
poultry
— Provide staff resources for enforcement, primarily for investigating
complaints. Assign county staff to serve as the point of contact for
permitting and urban agricultural questions.
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— Partner with local organizations to provide education on how to keep
1 backyard chickens and goats as well as on local regulations.
Commission Action
• Staff asks that the Commission provide direction regarding the inclusion of
language in the Comprehensive Plan supporting local food production and
consumption through the use of urban agriculture practices.
Ms. Echols pointed out what staff was looking for is direction on whether or not this is
something they should be pursing and, if so, what are the perimeters they think they
ought to be putting around this. Some of those things in the staff report they were
talking about would be direction for future zoning text amendments.
Urban Agriculture Discussion
The following comments came from the public:
1. Amy Coffman — Spoke in opposition to permitting agricultural activities in the
Development Areas. Spoke of past issues with a neighbor in Ednam Forest with
pigs and how that impacted her property. Specifically spoke of guinea hogs and
how hard they were to contain and the vectors they attracted like rats. Also felt
that current county staffing levels were inadequate to add additional regulations
to enforce.
2. Lonny Murray — Represented the Natural Heritage Committee and spoke of
urban agriculture's relationship to sustainability. Stated that people currently
living in the rural areas may be encouraged to live in the urban areas if they knew
they could do some of the activities they can do in rural areas. Liked the idea of
not permitting roosters and keeping the number of permitted animals small.
Encouraged staff to review Charlottesville's urban agriculture regulations.
3. Diane Webber — Supports urban agriculture and suggested the county work with
the Virginia Tech Cooperative Extension Agency as they were helpful to her
when she raised bantam chickens. Stated chicken manure is good fertilizer and
that neutered goats may conflict with the goal of milk production.
4. Kellyn Kusyk — Supports urban agriculture and specifically the raising of
American Guinea Hogs in R-1 residential zoning. Stated the hog is a heritage
breed important to the history of Albemarle County as Thomas Jefferson also
had this breed.
5. Robert Kusyk — Owner of American Guinea Hogs that used to live on his property
in Ednam Forest. Supports urban agriculture and would like it to also include
hogs such as these. Raising the animals is a good hands on experience for
children and promotes sustainability.
6. Albert Connette — Once lived on Garth Road and had chickens but moved to St.
George Avenue in Crozet and cannot have them there. However, originally
people probably moved to this older part of Crozet and brought their chickens
and other animals with them.
7. Helen Swift -Dove) — Asked to make sure that sale of produce is possible.
Referenced farmer in Fauquier County being fined by the FDA for selling his
produce.
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8. Dr. Michael Johnson — Supports urban agriculture, but also felt roosters were
needed to maintain a sustainable chicken flock. Roosters will have to be sent
somewhere since it is hard to tell the sex of a chicken when they are small.
9. Greg Quinn — Asked the Commission to use common sense when considering
new regulations and keep things simple. Let neighbor have a vote when it
comes to nuisance concerns.
10. Dana Turname — beekeeper and chicken keeper off of Profit Road. Supports
urban agriculture. Noted that chickens are flock animals and need company.
Did not feel permits were necessary given the staff constraints.
11.Ashlev Kippers — She has a bachelor degree in animal and poultry science from
Virginia Tech. She recently moved to an Albemarle County residential district
and brought her two goats and chickens. She consulted the zoning laws and
they were very unclear. She found out later they were not permitted by zoning.
She could not find it stated in the ordinance where such animals were not
permitted. She stressed that the County needs to make the zoning regulations
very clear when it comes to what is permitted and what is not. She was in the
process of being forced to get rid of her animals at this current time and asked
that the regulations be changed.
12. Joseph Jones — past President of the Albemarle County Farm Bureau, said the
Farm Bureau supports urban agriculture and would be happy to work with the
county to find homes for stray farm animals. Liked the idea of working with
neighbors to get a setback reduced if the neighbor did not mind. He stated that
children that grow up with fur bearing animals and chickens have fewer allergies.
He suggested high schools should reinstate agricultural instruction so that
younger generations can learn of agriculture.
13. Charles Battig — Asked that if urban agriculture activities were to be permitted,
then not to allow commercial sale of produce and other items from such activity
because it would need to be inspected. He asked who would do that.
Commissioners made the following comments or asked the following questions:
1. What is the size of a small goat?
2. Safety, welfare, and protection of the community are essential.
3. If the Commission supports this change, any proposed regulations should be
published in the newspaper for a month.
4. It may not be appropriate to allow urban agriculture in denser areas such as with
apartment buildings or condos. The County will need to pick and choose where
such activities will be allowed.
5. The County should align its regulations with the City; the area has been
historically agricultural.
6. If the County goes this way, minimum standards are needed for poultry and
livestock, and also for bees.
7. Negative comment made concerning personnel and effective enforcement.
Enforcement and penalties will need teeth to work. Any permit fees should go to
a dedicated revenue stream that goes to fund enforcement.
8. The idea of permitting community gardens as a primary use is good; however, a
measured approach is needed on the other aspects of urban agriculture due to
potential enforcement costs.
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9. There does not seem to be a high demand for this change based on the
attendance at the meeting tonight. Some people are committed to urban
agriculture activities, but others are not.
10. It is important to hear from animal control first.
11. Consider making a survey of urban area residents to assess the level of support
that exists.
12. Neighbor input is important.
13. Decisions for urban agriculture should be dependent on what the neighbors think.
14. The County should not enable what we cannot enforce.
15. Consider phasing in different species of animals over time. Could start with
chickens and see how it works.
16. Consider grandfathering in people who may have chickens now but haven't had
complaints lodged against them.
17. They should be aware of the difference in the breeding of animals.
The Planning Commission cautiously supports modifying the Comprehensive Plan and
the Zoning Ordinance to allow for urban agriculture. The Planning Commission
overwhelmingly supports removing the prohibition against community gardens.
It was the consensus of the Planning Commission to support the following proposed
language to make it more general:
• The objective would be modified to say consider supporting local food production
through urban agriculture rather than support.
• On the strategies investigate zoning regulations about the different items in
taking out the particulars, such as strong consideration should be given to only
allowing chickens and small goats which have been neutered.
The Planning Commission took a break at 7:32 p.m. and the meeting reconvened
at 7:42 p.m.
Livability Project Goals
Topics for Joint Comprehensive Plan Goals: Land Use and Transportation (Summer
Frederick)
Summer Frederick presented a PowerPoint presentation and summarized the executive
summary.
Purpose of Work Session: The purpose of the work session was to discuss county
goals related to Land Use and Transportation, and to identify specific opportunities
within these topic areas for the City and County to work together on joint goals. This
work session is the second in a series of Commission meetings being held in advance
of meeting with the City Commission.
The Commission reviewed, discussed, took public comment, and advised on potential
areas for joint goals with the City, as follows:
Livability Project Discussion
The Commissioners suggested the following ways to work with the City on the following
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geographic areas:
1. The Woolen Mills Neighborhood
2. The L-shaped corridor along Route 29N and Route 250 E
3. The portion of Rio Road referred to as "Gasoline Alley", and
4. The Rivanna River
Woolen Mills
• Plan together for a bike/pedestrian path/ bridge across the Rivanna River
• Bring in Dan Mahon and Chris Gensic to talk about City and County
greenway trail opportunities
• Plan for recreational opportunities on the Rivanna River
• Both Planning Commissions should take a field trip to walk the area
• Neither locality should turn its backs to the River
• There should be access to the resource
L-Shaped Area
• There need to be more bridges across the Rivanna River to make the
traffic flow better in this area
• City -County cooperation must take place when dealing with traffic
• Make sure we are working on the Northtown trail together. This is a City -
County trail that could go through Hollymead Town Center. It opens the
possibility of walking and commuting from Hollymead to Downtown
• We may be able to use existing piers for a river crossing
Gasoline Allev
• Completion of Meadowcreek Parkway and additional traffic plus
intersection of Rio Road and Rt. 29 means that we need the grade
separated interchange built
• We need input from the City on the appearance of the entrance corridor
there
• Walking across Rio Road is dangerous at Gasoline Alley.
The Rivanna River
• Making the Rivanna River an amenity and not a backyard is important
• Our Comprehensive Plans should make more substantive statements to
allow the area between Darden Towe and Free Bridge to develop towards
the Rivanna River
• We are limited by some of the current activities on the City side
• What about a ferry across the Rivanna River?
• Trails are on both sides of the Rivanna River — look for bike accessibility
as well as riverfront recapture
• Plan together for future opportunities — bridges are needed for alternative
transportation
Other Commission comments:
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• Mr. Franco suggested that Stribling Avenue and the Granger property be
looked at due to the large amount of traffic involved. Ms. Echols indicated
it would be coming back after the traffic study was completed.
• Ms. Monteith noted when they are talking about bus service there is a lot
of thought being put into that. CAT does not have a current director. So
anything they would try to put a lot of energy into bus service would be
conjecture at this point. The broader idea of expanding bus service is
good, but specifics about that are going to come out of the current study
that is looking at the way that the system is working. It is the second study
in the last two years. She was not sure they were going to come out with
firm conclusions. The general idea of expanded service is good.
However, for specifics they need to wait for more information.
Public Comment Livability Project
1. Helen Swift-Doval — current President of the Jefferson Area Tea Party,
spoke of the need for limited government as a representative for the Tea
Party.
2. Charles Battig — also represented the Tea Party and spoke of the need for
less government interference. He noted that so called public input is not
the same thing as a scientific survey.
3. Lonny Murray — encouraged the Commission to rethink the
Stribling/Granger area. The Natural Heritage Committee in looking at that
area has identified a lot of biodiversity in that area. It is one of the few
areas that they can find trees like Umbrella Magnolia. It would be nice to
see a greenway coming down from that corridor through the mountains
west of 29. He encouraged people to put more attention to our National
Bike Route that goes through Charlottesville and Albemarle. He
encouraged adding bike lanes in areas other than areas being developed.
He spoke of the need for better connections particularly for bike
connections between the rural and development areas. They need to
separate the pedestrians, bicycles, and cars.
4. Greg Quinn — Felt that local government should be managing itself and
they do not need outsiders telling us how to plan our community.
5. Jim Moore — Addressed comprehensive Planning and spoke of mass
transit and its impact on the air quality especially when the buses are
running empty and not at their capacity.
6. Morgan Butler — Spoke of taking better charge of improving the water
quality of the Rivanna River. Should not just rely on TMDLs. Should take
more charge of improving the water quality now that will affect the larger
goals as well.
Staff was asked to take the Commission's comments into consideration in the Comp
Plan Update. No formal action taken.
Old Business
Mr. Morris asked if there was any old business. There being none, the meeting
proceeded.
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New Business
Mr. Morris asked if there was any new business.
• Next regularly scheduled meeting Tuesday, July 31, 2012
Adjournment
With no further items, the meeting adjourned at 8:55 p.m. to Tuesday, July 31, 2012 at
6:00 p.m. at the County Office Building, Auditorium, Second Floor, 401 McIntire Road,
Charlottesville, Virginia.
(Recorded and transcribed by Sharon
Planning Boards)
ssion &
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