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Home My WebLink AboutSDP200000024 Assessment - Environmental 2000-03-21 _n USDA Natural Resources Conservation Service March 21, 2000 695 Berkmar Court - Ste 2 Charlottesville, VA 22901 TO: Yadira Amarante Planning Department RE: Soils Report for: North Fork - District 2 - Bldgs 1 & 2 t 47C �/ 368 �" at • •4 7C t • •i'i`' 4'• \. 37p j�3rtrwL� 65C� . r f`'tl r. r.V 4 ,•t' , . t�.-1. 4E. i`" 7•••v` r f lC3 / : Lig 2 r + ��ti t _if ocs'4,', - .,„p At; tr :1441tit* •••1 .A , • � • 37D3 /� r / 4D 1 " . 10 ( t. •% •at 37D3 r•_ ''.�" 1 f 4C q1,�a:. ,3 :t *~ 1 ''� 'fe. 37C3 u , `�� ` `Ry, aR Chris �- 36Dk\:„4,0, .. .s 1r, :: .. . °,� 4 ; j ' ,r Green 41 fir, 10 y 37D3 ��OLQk2itek,v4Arzlc:+„..tairt.410:4.,.:•ii:46:11,,::..4th\t\i, :4",10.:"' �1 ` 47E 3: �'1/ 4C�� 4D Y r ; Z „ b 19e T f • �� 3703 /41 m s'• 41B r. .$ ;, ? 4 8 ., : .6 b 1 t 4,'' 37C3 ,i� 6D _ �„ • .S ,, -z- _____ 14D V. ' , L ;{ i� / 0, •a• 76 rib _ . :. ... _ L� / U 37C3 _ __ _it _ . Y.�� ;4' .' F 1 C 14,0 `� 77 ! I. . 36B�.� J , • 7 .. `',)'�� r 36u 6 • '4D 149 3 __. 4 ' ;/ 563 •+• ��. r r ;c3 r«. , .'14E , 3613. M'� ' t- 14r•. 310�' Ifi® / 15D .4 • I. 10 , /" IG3 Ott 56C 36C t i ot,3 at 3fC ---- .� " 117 ,- + 358, y• �l. >' • 34D If O ti� 3>0� 36e �, �� 368 ✓f /% �. , 14D 3 1 Q -,�� ,'� _ 368 _ � k , r t R. eikt 36B \ r;r37D3 � • 36C :7:: 27r }1 -5.1--)'*' \ tOIL 6Dv4 .� s'.�` 36B i f � 1 � 40,040,1D) , ... , :;,-- it///// / / 36CJ waterp ' . .-:? 1-6: • \ 14C / / ` -...1t . 2D ki;,• 65c, . ; 41/40 .41/1. S":.- ' .libiii.,7' Illikt-s•/411S 34E; ;\ .‘ !Q/ ♦ r tiy 34 341 /4( // g5C '._ mil . 1J //// 47Q • 20 "` " Aer ,,�: 36C r 111011r4111r470%, 65C 47C /� i vy. /ter,/ • r� ..1 •d6/au r ::: r1I8 \ / 21C .tea ` n.. ,r ><1� /e/ r. i 4. . 218 218 eiltr / / Y.,4010-,18 ,'" ett ' 1 ' '' 1 34U `i 27C / / `�� '� s 1�..' x 56B • _ 34C /Jr,/ 65B F 94B vi• �; ., j 39D\ Amt. �b ` • / / / ► t I , ,, i lfzR', 34D • elI i5C / los fit(. '94C/ o:,,,,'.‘411; t .., , . y A `•,� •`, / / • •r' r 1' 0 34C / r- B / r . f•.4B �/ ;?)?1,..y.H 27C 278 / / i. / ,4s58 27C 88 34C / / // 65B 0' a 'G � [7:,• ` IrLJ , .3 17 4* t r h:. C Y // // {,,;' B8 i i.laurel Hill Churc i r.,. Y G48 2 43 • 0 l• �' U 1 27B i : .a IRO ' ,i4 2 / •'� 27C Churc 9sr Ski a ► "9481(v/ �,p.��'� 0 34C 27B r t 4 14 4.,, , .. 1,1,, . • ....:,..t4, ,if , . ,..,;. , it 88 ce s vk ' 1 .42. 4,• `/ ♦� _ z28F'• 27B = _ 278 • t 'r , A34C, o', emo 1. ►-rde • 34B •4 - le a /11' Gl+ 34C B I \ \1\34D AC 2,48 •34. ` .1 .1t ; . 340 (Joins sheet 1 1) i , ' I / NONTECHNICAL SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT N Fork/#1,#2 Map I Soil name and description Symbol 47D I louisburg sandy loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes Louisburg soils are deep and well drained Permeability is rapid, and the available water capacity is low Erosion hazard varies from severe to very severe The subsoil has very low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of about 40 inches The organic matter content and natural fertility are low The soil is strongly acid or very strongly acid thoughout, but reaction is variable because of local liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 48 inches 37D3 hayesville clay loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes, severely eroded Hayesvilles soils are deep and well drained Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff is medium The erosion hazard is moderate The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extend to a depth of 40 inches The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low to moderate This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is at a depth of more than 5 feet 14D chester loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes This is a deep, well drained soil Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff and erosion hazard vary with slope, from moderate to very severe. This soil has good tilth The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 40 inches or more The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 60 inches 37C3 hayesville clay loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes, severely eroded i ` NONTECHNICAL SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT N Fork/#1,#2 Map I Soil name and description Symbol Hayesvilles soils are deep and well drained Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff is medium The erosion hazard is moderate The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extend to a depth of 40 inches The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low to moderate This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is at a depth of more than 5 feet 66C parker very stony loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes Parker soils are deep and excessively drained Permeability is moderately rapid, and available water capacity is low The hazard of erosion is severe to very severe.The organic matter content is moderate, and the natural fertility is low The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of more than 30 inches The surface layer and subsoil are very strongly acid or strongly acid, unless limed Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 4 feet 94C wedowee sandy loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes Wedowee soils are deep and well drained Permeability is moderate and available water capacity is low The hazard of erosion is moderate The subsoil has moderate shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 30 inches or more The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low Theis soil is commonly strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming The depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches 94B wedowee sandy loam, 2 to 7 percent slopes NONTECHNICAL SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT N Fork/#1,#2 Map I Soil name and description Symbol Wedowee soils are deep and well drained Permeability is moderate and available water capacity is low The hazard of erosion is moderate The subsoil has moderate shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 30 inches or more The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low Theis soil is commonly strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming The depth to bedrock is more than 60 inches 47C louisburg sandy loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes 2D albemarle fine sandy loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes Albemarle is a deep, well drained soil Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff depends on slope The hazard of erosion varies with slope, from moderate to severe The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 30 inches or more Natural fertility and organic matter content are low This soil is strongly acid surface layer is variable because of local liming Depth to bedrock is 40 to 60 inches or more 65B pacolet sandy loam, 2 to 7 percent slopes Pacolet soils are deep and well drained Permeability is moderate, and available water capacity is low Erosion hazard varies from moderate to severe The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 30 inches or more The organic matter content and natural fertility are low This soil commonly is medium acid to very strongly acid, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 4 feet. 65C pacolet sandy loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes NONTECHNICAL SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT N Fork/#1,#2 Map I Soil name and description Symbol Pacolet soils are deep and well drained Permeability is moderate, and available water capacity is low Erosion hazard varies from moderate to severe The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 30 inches or more The organic matter content and natural fertility are low This soil commonly is medium acid to very strongly acid, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 4 feet 21C culpeper fine sandy loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes Culpeper soils are deep and well drained Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Runoff erosion hazard vary with slope from medium to severe Tilth is good The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low Reaction commonly is very strongly acid or strongly acid throughout, but is variable in the surface layer because of local liming The root zone extends to a depth of 36 inches Bedrock is generally at a depth of 50 inches or more The subsoil has moderate shrink-swell potential 27C elioak loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes Elioak soils are dep and well drained Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Erosion hazard ranges from moderate to severe The subsoil has moderate shrink-swell potential The root zone extend to a depth of 40 inches The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low This soil is very strongly acid to medium acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 5 feet 88 udorthents, loamy NONTECHNICAL SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT N Fork/#1,#2 Map I Soil name and description Symbol This map unit is made up of areas that have been used for cutting or filling during grading for roads, housing development, recreational areas, quarries, and other similar uses Permeability ranges from moderately rapid to slow The available water capacity is low to moderate Surface runoff is medium to very rapid, and the hazard of erosion is moderate to very severe The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low These soils are medium acid to very strongly acid throughtout. Water stands in some areas during winter and spring, or throughout the year 53B masada loam, 2 to 7 percent slopes Masada soils are deep well drained soils Permeability is moderate, and available water capacity is high The hazard of erosion is moderate to severe The subsoil has moderate shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 60 inches or more The organic matter content and the natural fertitlity are low to moderate This soil commonly is strongly acid or very strongly acid throughout, but reaction of the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 6 feet 76 riverview loam This deep, nearly level, well drained soil is on flood plains along the rivers and large streams Permeability is moderate, and available water capacity is high Runoff is slow Tilth is good Natural fertility is moderate, and organic matter content is low The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of about 60 inches The surface layer and subsoil commonly are very strongly acid or strongly acid, unless limed The depth to bedrock is generally more than 5 feet and not usually a factor in the use of this soil Flooding occurs occasionally for brief periods during winter and early in spring, and a seasonal high water table is between depths of 3 and 5 feet 14E chester loam, 25 to 45 percent slopes NONTECHNICAL SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT N Fork/#1,#2 Map I Soil name and description Symbol This is a deep, well drained soil. Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff and erosion hazard vary with slope, from moderate to very severe This soil has good tilth The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 40 inches or more The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 60 inches 36C hayesville loam, 7 to 15 percent slopes Hayesvilles soils are deep and well drained Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff is medium. The erosion hazard is moderate The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extend to a depth of 40 inches The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low to moderate This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is at a depth of more than 5 feet 56B meadowville loam, 2 to 7 percent slopes Meadowville soils are deep and well drained to moderately well drained Permeability is moderate to moderately rapid, and available water capacity is high Surface runoff is medium to rapid The hazard of erosion is moderate to severe The surface layer is friable and easily tilled through a wide range of soil moisture THe subsoil has moderate shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 40 inches The organic matter content is moderate, and the natural fertility is medium. This soil commonly is very strongly acid to medium acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming A seasonal high water table is at a depth of 3 to 5 feet druing winter and spring Bedrock is at a depth of more than 5 feet 36B hayesville loam, 2 to 7 percent slopes I NONTECHNICAL SOILS DESCRIPTION REPORT N Fork/#1,#2 Map I Soil name and description Symbol Hayesvilles soils are deep and well drained Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff is medium The erosion hazard is moderate The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extend to a depth of 40 inches The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low to moderate This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is at a depth of more than 5 feet 36D hayesville loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes Hayesvilles soils are deep and well drained Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff is medium The erosion hazard is moderate The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extend to a depth of 40 inches The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low to moderate This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is at a depth of more than 5 feet 15D chester very stony loam, 15 to 25 percent slopes i This is a deep, well drained soil Permeability and available water capacity are moderate Surface runoff and erosion hazard vary with slope, from moderate to very severe This soil has good tilth The subsoil has low shrink-swell potential The root zone extends to a depth of 40 inches or more The organic matter content and the natural fertility are low This soil commonly is strongly acid to very strongly acid throughout, but reaction in the surface layer is variable because of local liming Bedrock is generally at a depth of more than 60 inches r U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 1 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 HYDRIC SOILS LIST MAPUNITS WITH HYDRIC INCLUSIONS N Fork/#1,#2 The "Hydric Soils Criteria" columns indicate the conditions that caused the mapunit component to be classified as "Hydric" or "Non-Hydric" These criteria are defined in "Hydric Soils of the United States" (USDA Miscellaneous Publications No 1491, June, 1991 The "FSA Criteria" columns contain information needed for the Food Security Act determinations required by Section 512 11(h) (4) of the National Food Security Manual (August, 1991) See the "Criteria for Hydric Soils" endnote to to determine the meaning of these columns Spot symbols are footnoted at the end of the report. I I I FSA Criteria and I I I I I Hydric Soils Criteria Information I Map Symbol (Component(C)/l Mapunit Name IInclusion(I) I Hydric I Local I Hydric I Meets I Meets I Meets Natural I I I I Landform I Criteria ISaturationlFloodinglPonding (Condition' Needs I I I I Code I Criteria ICriterialCriterial of Soil IOn-Site I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 76: I I I I I I I I I I riverview loam IRIVERVIEW (C) I NO I I I I I I I I IWEHADKEE (I)-I YES (Flood Plain ( 2B3 I YES I NO I NO (Wooded I YES I I I I I I I I I I 568 I I I I I I I I I I meadowville loam, 2 I I I I I I I I I I to 7 percent slopes IMEADOWVILLE I ( I I ( I I ( I I (C) I NO I I I I I I I I IWORSHAM (I) I YES (Flood Plain ( 2B3 I YES I NO I NO (Wooded ( YES I I I I I I I I I I I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 2 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 HYDRIC SOILS LIST NON-HYDRIC MAPUNITS N Fork/#1,#2 The "Hydric Soils Criteria" columns indicate the conditions that caused the mapunit component to be classified as "Hydric" or "Non-Hydric" These criteria are defined in "Hydric Soils of the United States" (USDA Miscellaneous Publications No 1491, June, 1991 The "FSA Criteria" columns contain information needed for the Food Security Act determinations required by Section 512.11(h) (4) of the National Food Security Manual (August, 1991) See the "Criteria for Hydric Soils" endnote to to determine the meaning of these columns Spot symbols are footnoted at the end of the report FSA Criteria and I Hydric Soils Criteria Information Map Symbol IComponent(C)/I I I I Mapunit Name IInclusion(I) I Hydric I Local Hydric I Meets I Meets I Meets Natural I I Landform I Criteria ISaturationIFloodinglPonding ICondition' Needs I I I I Code I Criteria ICriterialCriterial of Soil Ion-Site I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 47D I I I I I I I I I I louisburg sandy loam, I I I I I I I I I I 15 to 25 percent I I I I I I I I I I slopes ILOUISBURG (C) NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 37D3 I I I I I I I I I I hayesville clay loam, I I I I I I I I I I 15 to 25 percent I I I I I I I I I I slopes, severely I I I I I I I I I I eroded IHAYESVILLE I I I I I I I I I (C) I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 14D I I I I I I I I I I cheater loam, 15 to I I I I I I I I I I 25 percent slopes ICHESTER (C)--I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 37C3 I I I I I I I I I I hayesville clay loam, I I I I I I I I I I 7 to 15 percent I I I I I I I I I I slopes, severely I I I I I I I I I I eroded IHAYESVILLE I I I I I I I I I I (C) I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 66C I I I I I I I I I I parker very stony I I I I I I I I I I loam, 7 to 15 percent I I I I I I I I I I slopes (PARKER (C)---I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 94C I I I I I I I I I I wedowee sandy loam, 7 I I I I I I I I I I to 15 percent slopes IWEDOWEE (C)--I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 3 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 HYDRIC SOILS LIST NON-HYDRIC MAPUNITS--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 The "Hydric Soils Criteria" columns indicate the conditions that caused the mapunit component to be classified as "Hydric" or "Non-Hydric" These criteria are defined in "Hydric Soils of the United States" (USDA Miscellaneous Publications No 1491, June, 1991 The "FSA Criteria" columns contain information needed for the Food Security Act determinations required by Section 512 11(h) (4) of the National Food Security Manual (August, 1991) See the "Criteria for Hydric Soils" endnote to to determine the meaning of these columns Spot symbols are footnoted at the end of the report I I I I FSA Criteria and I I I I Hydric Soils Criteria I Information I Map Symbol IComponent(C)/I I I I I Mapunit Name IInclusion(I) I Hydric I Local I Hydric I Meets I Meets I Meets Natural I I I Landform I Criteria ISaturation1FloodinglPonding (Condition' Needs Code I Criteria ICriterialCriterial of Soil IOn-Site I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 94B I I I I I I I I I I wedowee sandy loam, 2 I I I I I I I I I I to 7 percent slopes---IWEDOWEE (C)--I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 47C I I I I I I I I I I louisburg sandy loam, I I I I I I I I I I 7 to 15 percent slopesILOUISBURG (C) NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 2D: I I I I I I I I I I albemarle fine sandy I I I I I I I I I I loam, 15 to 25 I I I I I I I I I I percent slopes IALBEMARLE (C) NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 65B I I I I I I I I I I pacolet sandy loam, 2 I I I I I I I I I I to 7 percent slopes IPACOLET (C)--I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 65C I I I I I I I I I I pacolet sandy loam, 7 I I I I I I I I I I to 15 percent slopes IPACOLET (C)--I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 21C I I I I I I I I I I culpeper fine sandy I I I I I I I I I I loam, 7 to 15 percent I I I I I I I I I I slopes ICULPEPER (C)-I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 27C I I I I I I I I I I elioak loam, 7 to 15 I I I I I I I I I I percent slopes IELIOAK (C)---I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 88 I I I I I I I I I I udorthents, loamy IUDORTHENTS I I I I I I I I I I (C) (UNRANKED( I I I I I I I I I 1 I I 1 I I I I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 4 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 HYDRIC SOILS LIST NON-HYDRIC MAPUNITS--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 The "Hydric Soils Criteria" columns indicate the conditions that caused the mapunit component to be classified as "Hydric" or "Non-Hydric" These criteria are defined in "Hydric Soils of the United States" (USDA Miscellaneous Publications No 1491, June, 1991 The "FSA Criteria" columns contain information needed for the Food Security Act determinations required by Section 512 11(h) (4) of the National Food Security Manual (August, 1991) See the "Criteria for Hydric Soils" endnote to to determine the meaning of these columns Spot symbols are footnoted at the end of the report FSA Criteria and I Hydric Soils Criteria I Information I Map Symbol IComponent(C)/I I I I I Mapunit Name IInclusion(I) I Hydric I Local I Hydric I Meets I Meets I Meets Natural I I Landform I Criteria ISaturationlFloodinglPonding (Condition' Needs Code Criteria ICriterialCriterial of Soil IOn-Site I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 53B I I I I I I I I I masada loam, 2 to 7 I I I I I I I I I percent slopes IMASADA (C)---I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 14E I I I I I I I I I I chester loam, 25 to I I I I I I I I I 45 percent slopes ICHESTER (C)--I NO I I I I I I I I I 36C hayesville loam, 7 to I I I I I I I I I 15 percent slopes IHAYESVILLE I I I I I I (C) I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 36B I I I I I I I I I I hayesville loam, 2 to I I I I I I I I I I 7 percent slopes IHAYESVILLE I I I I I I I I I I (C) I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 36D I I I I I I I I I I hayesville loam, 15 I I I I I I I I I I to 25 percent slopes--IHAYESVILLE I I I I I I I I I I (C) I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 15D I I I I I I I I I I chester very stony I I I I I I I I I I loam, 15 to 25 I I I I I I I I I I percent slopes ICHESTER (C)--I NO I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 5 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE HYDRIC SOILS CRITERIA CODES AND DEFINITIONS Endnote -- HYDRIC SOILS LIST The column 'Natural Condition of the Soil' indicates the following information 'Wooded' indicates the soil supports woody vegetation under natural condition; 'Farmable' indicates the soil can be farmed under natural conditions without removing woody vegetation or other manipulation; and 'Neither' indicates neither of the above conditions are met 1 All Histosols, except Folists, or 2. Soils in Aquic suborders, great groups, or subgroups, Albolls suborder, Aquisalids, Pachic subgroups, or Cumulic subgroups that are: a somewhat poorly drained with a water table equal to 0 0 foot (ft ) from the surface during the growing season, or b poorly drained or very poorly drained and have either (1) water table equal to 0 0 ft during the growing season if textures are coarse sand, sand, or fine sand in all layers within 20 inches (in ), or for other soils, or (2) water table at less than or equal to 0 5 ft from the surface during the growing season if permeability is equal to or greater than 6 0 in/hour (h ) in all layers within 20 in , or (3) water table at less than or equal to 1 0 ft from the surface during the growing season, if permeability is less than 6 0 in /h. in any layer within 20 in , or 3 Soils that are frequently ponded for long or very long duration during the growing season, or 4 Soils that are frequently flooded for long or very long duration during the growing season U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 1 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 SANITARY FACILITIES N Fork/#1,#2 (The information in this report indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation) ( ( ( ( ( Map symbol Septic tank Sewage lagoon Trench Area Daily cover and soil name absorption areas sanitary ( sanitary ( for landfill fields ( landfill ( landfill ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 47D ( ( ( ( LOUISBURG Severe Severe Severe Severe Poor slope seepage, ( depth to rock, seepage, ( slope, slope ( seepage, ( slope thin layer slope ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 37D3 ( ( ( ( HAYESVILLE Severe: Severe Severe Severe Poor slope seepage, ( seepage, ( slope ( slope slope ( slope ( ( ( ( ( ( 14D ( ( ( ( ( CHESTER Severe Severe Severe Severe Poor slope ( slope ( slope ( slope ( slope ( ( ( ( ( 37C3 ( ( ( ( ( HAYESVILLE Moderate: Severe Severe Moderate: (Fair ( percs slowly, ( seepage, ( seepage ( slope ( too clayey, ( slope ( slope ( ( ( hard to pack, ( ( ( ( ( slope ( ( I ( ( 66C ( ( I ( ( PARKER (Severe (Severe (Severe (Severe (Poor ( poor filter ( seepage, ( depth to rock, ( seepage ( seepage, ( ( slope ( seepage ( ( small stones ( ( ( ( ( 94C: ( ( ( ( ( WEDOWEE (Moderate (Severe (Moderate Moderate (Fair ( percs slowly, ( slope ( slope ( slope ( small stones, ( slope ( ( ( ( slope ( ( I ( I 94B ( ( ( ( WEDOWEE Moderate (Moderate Slight (Slight (Fair ( percs slowly ( seepage, ( ( ( small stones ( ( slope ( ( I ( ( ( ( I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 2 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 SANITARY FACILITIES--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 Map symbol Septic tank Sewage lagoon I Trench Area I Daily cover and soil name absorption areas sanitary I sanitary for landfill fields I landfill landfill 47C I I I I I LOUISBURG Moderate Severe Severe Severe Poor depth to rock, seepage, depth to rock, seepage thin layer slope I slope I seepage 2D ALBEMARLE Severe Severe Severe Severe Poor slope I seepage, I depth to rock, seepage, slope slope I seepage, I slope slope 65B I 1 I I I PACOLET Moderate Moderate 'Slight 'Slight Fair percs slowly I seepage, I I too clayey I slope I 1 1 I 1 65C 1 1 1 1 I PACOLET 'Moderate 'Severe 'Moderate (Moderate 'Fair 1 percs slowly, I slope I slope I slope I too clayey, I slope 1 1 1 I slope 1 1 1 1 1 21C 1 1 1 I I CULPEPER (Moderate 'Severe 'Severe 'Moderate (Fair I depth to rock, I slope I depth to rock I depth to rock, I area reclaim, I percs slowly, 1 1 I slope I slope, slope 1 1 1 I too clayey 1 1 1 1 27C 1 1 1 I I ELIOAK 'Moderate (Severe 'Moderate 'Moderate 'Fair I percs slowly, I slope I slope, I slope I too clayey, slope 1 I too clayey 1 I hard to pack, 1 1 1 1 I slope 1 1 1 1 1 88 1 1 1 1 I UDORTHENTS 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 53B I 1 1 1 1 MASADA 'Moderate 'Moderate (Severe 'Slight 'Poor I percs slowly I seepage, I too clayey 1 I too clayey, 1 I slope 1 1 I hard to pack 1 1 1 U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 3 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 SANITARY FACILITIES--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 I I I I I Map symbol I Septic tank Sewage lagoon I Trench Area I Daily cover and soil name absorption areas sanitary I sanitary for landfill fields I I landfill landfill I I I I I I I I I I 76 I I I I I RIVERVIEW Severe Severe Severe Severe Fair flooding, I seepage, I flooding, I flooding, thin layer wetness I flooding, I seepage, I seepage, I wetness wetness wetness I I I I I 14E I I I CHESTER Severe (Severe (Severe (Severe Poor slope I slope ( slope I slope I slope I I I I 36C HAYESVILLE Moderate Severe (Severe Moderate Fair ( percs slowly, I seepage, I seepage I slope ( too clayey, ( slope ( slope I I ( hard to pack, ( I ( I ( slope I I I I I 56B I I I I I MEADOWVILLE (Severe (Severe Severe (Severe (Fair ( wetness I seepage, I seepage, I seepage, too clayey, I I wetness ( wetness ( wetness ( wetness I I I I I 36B I I I I I HAYESVILLE (Moderate (Severe (Severe Slight Fair ( percs slowly I seepage I seepage I I too clayey, ( I I I ( hard to pack I I I I I 36D I I I I I HAYESVILLE (Severe Severe (Severe (Severe (Poor ( slope I seepage, I seepage, I slope ( slope ( I slope I slope I I I I I I 15D I I I I I CHESTER (Severe (Severe (Severe (Severe (Poor I slope I slope I wetness, I slope I slope ( ( ( slope I I I I I I I U.S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 4 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 SANITARY FACILITIES Endnote -- SANITARY FACILITIES This report shows the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect septic tank absorption fields, sewage lagoons, and sanitary landfills The limitations are considered "Slight" if soil properties and site features generally are favorable for the indicated use and limitations are minor and easily overcome; "Moderate" if soil properties or site features are not favorable for the indicated use and special planning, design, or maintenance is needed to overcome or minimize the limitations; and "Severe" if soil properties or site features are so unfavorable or so difficult to overcome that special design, significant increases in construction costs, and possibly increased maintenance are required This report also shows the suitability of the soils for use as daily cover for landfills A rating of "Good" indicates that soil properties and site features are favorable for the use and good performance and low maintenance can be expected; "Fair" indicates that soil properties and site features are moderately favorable for the use and one or more soil properties or site features make the soil less desirable than the soils rated "Good"; and "Poor" indicates that one or more soil properties or site features are unfavorable for the use and overcoming the unfavorable properties requires special design, extra maintenance, or costly alteration SEPTIC TANK ABSORPTION FIELDS are areas in which effluent from a septic tank is distributed into the soil through subsurface tiles or perforated pipe Only that part of the soil between depths of 24 to 72 inches is evaluated The ratings are base on soil properties, site features, and observed performance of the soils Permeability, a high water table, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, and flooding affect absorption of the effluent Large stones and bedrock or a cemented pan interfere with installation Unsatisfactory performance of septic tank absorption fields, including excessively slow absorption of effluent, surfacing of effluent, and hillside seepage, can affect public health Groundwater can be polluted if highly permeable sand and gravel or fractured bedrock is less than 4 feet below the base of the absorption field, if slope is excessive, or if the water table is near the surface There must be unsaturated soil material beneath the absorption field to filter the effluent effectively Many local ordinances require that this material be of a certain thickness SEWAGE LAGOONS are shallow ponds constructed to hold sewage while aerobic bacteria decompose the solid and liquid wastes Lagoons should have a nearly level floor surrounded by cut slopes or embankments"of compacted soil Lagoons generally are designed to hold the sewage within a depth of 2 to 5 feet Nearly impervious soil material for the lagoon floor and sides is required to minimize seepage and contamination of ground water This report gives ratings for the natural soil that makes up the lagoon floor The surface layer and, generally, 1 or 2 feet of soil material below the surface layer are excavated to provide material for the embankments The ratings are based on soil properties, site features, and observed performance of the soils Considered in the ratings are slope, permeability, a high water table, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, flooding, large stones, and content of organic matter Excessive seepage due to rapid permeability of the soil or a water table that is high enough to raise the level of sewage in the lagoon causes a lagoon to function unsatisfactorily Pollution results if seepage is excessive or if floodwater overtops the lagoon A high content of organic matter is detrimental to proper functioning of the lagoon because it inhibits aerobic activity Slope, bedrock, and cemented pans can cause construction problems, and large stones can hinder compaction of the lagoon floor SANITARY LANDFILLS are areas where solid waste is disposed of by burying it in soil There are two types of landfill, trench and area In a trench landfill, the waste is placed in a trench It is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a thin layer of soil excavated at the site In an area landfill, the waste is placed in successive layers on the surface of the soil The waste is spread, compacted, and covered daily with a thin layer of soil form a source away from the site Both types of landfill must be able to bear heavy vehicular traffic Both types involve a risk of groundwater pollution Ease of excavation and revegetation need to be considered The ratings in this report are based U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 5 OF 5 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 SANITARY FACILITIES Endnote -- SANITARY FACILITIES--Continued on soil properties, site features, and observed performance of the soils Permeability, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, a high water table, slope, and flooding affect both types of landfill Texture, stones and boulders, highly organic layers, soil reaction, and content of salts and sodium affect trench type landfills Unless otherwise stated, the ratings apply only to that part of the soil within a depth of about 6 feet For deeper trenches, a limitation rate "Slight" or "Moderate" may not be valid Onsite investigation is needed DAILY COVER FOR LANDFILL is the soil material that is used to cover compacted solid waste in an area type sanitary landfill The soil material is obtained offsite, transported to the landfill, and spread over the waste Soil texture, wetness, coarse fragments, and slope affect the ease of removing and spreading the material during wet and dry periods Loamy or silty soils that are free of large stones or excess gravel are the best cover for a landfill Clayey soils may be sticky or cloddy and are difficult to spread; sandy soils are subject to soil blowing After soil material has been removed, the soil material remaining in the borrow area must be thick enough over bedrock, a cemented pan, or the water table to permit revegetation The soil material used as final cover for a landfill should be suitable for plants The surface layer generally has the best workability, more organic matter than the rest of the profile, and the best potential for plants Material from the surface layer should be stockpiled for use as the final cover U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 1 OF 4 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 BUILDING SITE DEVELOPMENT N Fork/#1,#2 (The information in this report indicates the dominant soil condition but does not eliminate the need for onsite investigation) Map symbol I Shallow I Dwellings I Dwellings I Small I Local roads I Lawns and and soil name excavations without with commercial I and streets landscaping basements basements I buildings 47D: LOUISBURG Severe Severe Severe Severe Severe Severe slope I slope I slope I slope slope I slope 37D3 I I I I I I HAYESVILLE Severe Severe Severe Severe Severe Severe slope I slope I slope I slope I slope slope 14D I I I I I CHESTER 'Severe Severe Severe Severe 'Severe Severe I slope I slope I slope slope I low strength, I slope slope I I I I 37C3 I I I I I HAYESVILLE (Moderate Moderate 'Moderate 'Severe 'Moderate Moderate too clayey, I slope I slope I slope I low strength, I slope I slope I I I I slope, I I I I I I frost action 66C I I I I I I PARKER 'Moderate 'Moderate 'Moderate 'Severe (Moderate 'Severe I depth to rock,' slope I depth to rock, ' slope I slope, I small stones I slope I I slope I I frost action I I I I I I 94C I I I I I I WEDOWEE 'Moderate 'Moderate (Moderate 'Severe 'Moderate 'Moderate too clayey, I slope I slope I slope I low strength, I slope I slope I I I I slope I I I I I I 94B WEDOWEE 'Moderate 'Slight (Slight (Moderate 'Moderate (Slight too clayey I I I slope I low strength 47C LOUISBURG IModerate 'Moderate 'Moderate 'Severe 'Moderate 'Moderate I depth to rock, ' slope I depth to rock,' slope I slope I large stones, I slope I I slope I I I slope, I I I I I I droughty U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 2 OF 4 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 BUILDING SITE DEVELOPMENT--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 I Map symbol ( Shallow Dwellings Dwellings Small Local roads Lawns and and soil name excavations ( without ( with commercial and streets ( landscaping basements ( basements ( buildings ( ( I ( ( ( ( ( ( 2D ( ( ( ( ( ALBEMARLE Severe Severe Severe Severe (Severe Severe ( slope ( slope ( slope ( slope ( slope ( slope ( ( ( ( 65B ( ( ( ( ( ( PACOLET (Moderate (Slight (Slight (Moderate (Moderate Slight ( too clayey ( ( ( slope ( low strength ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 65C ( ( ( ( ( PACOLET (Moderate (Moderate (Moderate (Severe (Moderate (Moderate ( too clayey, I slope ( slope ( slope ( low strength, ( slope ( slope ( ( ( I slope ( I ( ( ( I ( 21C ( ( ( ( ( ( CULPEPER Moderate (Moderate (Moderate (Severe Severe (Moderate ( depth to rock, shrink-swell, ( depth to rock, slope low strength ( slope ( too clayey, ( slope ( slope, ( ( ( slope ( I shrink-swell ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( 27C ELIOAK (Moderate (Moderate Moderate (Severe Moderate Moderate ( too clayey, ( slope ( slope ( slope ( low strength, ( large stones, ( slope ( ( ( ( slope, ( droughty, ( ( ( ( frost action ( slope ( ( ( ( ( 88 ( ( ( ( ( UDORTHENTS ( ( ( ( ( ( I ( ( I ( 53B ( I I ( I ( MASADA (Moderate Moderate (Moderate (Moderate 'Severe (Slight ( too clayey ( shrink-swell ( shrink-swell ( shrink-swell, ( low strength ( ( ( ( ( slope ( ( ( I ( 76 RIVERVIEW (Severe (Severe Severe (Severe (Severe (Moderate ( cutbanks cave ( flooding ( flooding ( flooding ( flooding ( flooding ( ( ( ( I ( 14E ( ( ( ( ( CHESTER Severe (Severe (Severe (Severe Severe (Severe ( slope I slope I slope ( slope ( low strength, ( slope ( I I ( ( slope ( ( I ( ( ( ( U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 3 OF 4 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 BUILDING SITE DEVELOPMENT--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 • I I I I I I Map symbol I Shallow I Dwellings I Dwellings I Small Local roads I Lawns and and soil name ( excavations ( without ( with I commercial ( and streets ( landscaping I basements ( basements I buildings I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 36C I I I I I I HAYESVILLE Moderate: (Moderate (Moderate (Severe: (Moderate Moderate ( too clayey, I slope I slope I slope ( low strength, I slope ( slope I I I I slope, I ( ( ( ( ( frost action I I I I I I 56B I I I I I I MEADOWVILLE (Moderate (Moderate Moderate (Moderate Severe (Slight ( wetness ( shrink-swell ( wetness, ( shrink-swell, ( low strength I ( ( shrink-swell ( slope I I I I I I 36B: I ( I I I I HAYESVILLE (Moderate Slight (Slight (Moderate Moderate Slight too clayey ( ( I slope ( low strength, I I ( I ( frost action I I I I I I 36D ( I ( I I I HAYESVILLE (Severe (Severe (Severe (Severe Severe (Severe slope I slope I slope I slope I slope I slope I I I I I I 15D I I I I I I CHESTER Severe Severe Severe (Severe Severe (Severe: ( slope I slope ( slope I slope ( low strength, I slope ( ( I ( ( slope I I I I I I I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 4 OF 4 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 BUILDING SITE DEVELOPMENT Endnote -- BUILDING SITE DEVELOPMENT This report shows the degree and kind of soil limitations that affect shallow excavations, dwellings with and without basements, small commercial buildings, local roads and streets, and lawns and landscaping The limitations are "Slight", "Moderate", or "Severe" The limitations are considered "Slight" if soil properties and site features are generally favorable for the indicated use and limitaions are minor and easily overcome; "Moderate" if soil properties or site features are not favorable for the indicated use and special planning, design, or maintenance is needed to overcome or minimize the limitations; and "Severe" if soil properties or site features are so unfavorable or so difficult to overcome that special design, significant increases in construction costs, and possibly increased maintenance are required Special feasibility studies may be required where the soil limitations are severe SHALLOW EXCAVATIONS are trenches or holes dug to a maximum depth of 5 or 6 feet for basements, graves, utility lines, open ditches, and other purposes The ratings are based on soil properties, site features, and observed performance of the soils The ease of digging, filling, and compacting is affected by the depth to bedrock, a cemented pan, or a very firm dense layer; stone content; soil texture; and slope The time of the year that excavations can be made is affected by the depth to a seasonal high water table and the susceptibility of the soil to flooding The resistance of the excavation walls or bands to sloughing or caving is affected by soil texture and the depth to the water table DWELLINGS AND SMALL COMMERCIAL BUILDINGS are structures built on shallow foundations on undisturbed soil The load limit is the same as that for single-family dwellings no higher than three stories Ratings are made for small commercial buildings without basements, for dwellings with basements, and for dwellings without basements The ratings are based on soil properties, site features, and observed performance of the soils A high water table, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, large stones, slope, and flooding affect the ease of excavation and construction Landscaping and grading that require cuts and fills of more than 5 or 6 feet are not considered LOCAL ROADS AND STREETS have an all-weather surface and carry automobile and light truck traffic all year They have a subgrade of cut or fill soil material, a base of gravel, crushed rock, or stabilized soil material, and a flexible or rigid surface Cuts and fills are generally properties, site features, and observed performance of the soils Depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, a high water table, flooding, large stones, and slope affect the ease of excavating and grading Soil strength (as inferred from the engineering classification of the soil), shrink-swell potential, frost action potential, and depth to a high water table affect the traffic-supporting capacity LAWNS AND LANDSCAPING require soils on which turf and ornamental trees and shrubs can be established and maintained The ratings are based on soil properties, site features, and observed performance of the soils Soil reaction, a high water table, depth to bedrock or to a cemented pan, the available water capacity in the upper 40 inches, and the content of salts, sodium, and sulfidic materials affect plant growth Flooding, wetness, slope, stoniness, and the amount of sand, clay, or organic matter in the surface layer affect trafficability after vegetation is established U.S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 1 OF 6 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS N Fork/#1,#2 (Entries under "Erosion factors--T" apply to the entire profile Entries under "Wind erodibility group" and "Wind erodability index" apply only to the surface layer) I I I I I !Erosion factors1Wind 'Wind Map symbol I Depth I Clay I Moist I Permea- 'Available' Shrink- 'Organic' Ierodi-Ierodi- and soil name I bulk I bility I water I swell matter' I I Ibilitylbility I density I !capacity !potential' I K I Kf I T !group 'index I I I I In Pct I g/cc I In/hr I In/in I Pct I I I I I I I I I I I I 47D I I I I I I I I I I LOUISBURG 0-5 5-1511 25-1 451 6 00-20 00I0 09-0 12ILow IO 5-2 0I 0 241 0 241 3 I 3 I --- I 5-60 I 7-1811 30-1 50I 6 00-20 0010 10-0 12ILow I --- I 0 241 0 241 60-64 --- I --- I --- I --- I I --- I --- I --- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 37D3 I I I I I I I I I I I I HAYESVILLE I 0-7 120-40I1 30-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 20ILow 11 0-3 OI 0 241 0 241 5 I 5 I --- I 7-58 130-50I1 20-1 351 0 60-2 00 I0 15-0 20ILow I0 5-1 OI 0 241 0 241 I I 58-83 120-40I1 30-1 40I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 20ILow I0 0-0 51 0 20I 0 20I I I 183-87 I 5-2511 45-1 651 2 00-6 00 IO 11-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 171 0 171 I I I I I I I I I I I I I 14D d I I I I I I I I I CHESTER I 0-7 110-23I1 10-1 30I 0 60-2 00 IO 12-0 16ILow 11 0-3 01 0 321 0 321 5 I 5 I --- I 7-41 118-35I1 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 10-0 14ILow I0 0-0 51 0 431 0 431 I I 41-60 110-24I1 40-1 60I 0 60-2 00 I0 08-0 12ILow IO 0-0 51 0 491 0 491 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 37C3 I I I I I I I I I I I I HAYESVILLE I 0-7 120-40I1 30-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 20ILow 11 0-3 0I 0 241 0 241 5 I 5 I --- I 7-58 130-50I1 20-1 351 0 60-2 00 10 15-0 20ILow I0 5-1 0I 0 241 0 24! I I 58-83 120-40I1 30-1 40I 0 60-2 00 IO 12-0 20ILow I0 0-0 51 0 20I 0 20I I I 83-87 J 5-2511 45-1 651 2 00-6 00 I0 11-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 171 0 171 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 66C I I I I I I I I I I I I PARKER 10-14 13-10I1 10-1 40I 2 00-6 00 IO 06-0 14ILow 11 0-3 0I 0 171 0 321 5 I 8 I --- 14-38 I 3-10I1 25-1 551 2 00-6 00 IO 10-0 14ILow I --- I 0 20I 0 281 I I 38-67 13-1011 25-1 551 6 00-20 0010 04-0 08ILow I --- 10 20I 0 321 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 94C I I I I I I I I I I I I WEDOWEE 0-7 15-20I1 25-1 60I 2 00-6 00 I0 10-0 18ILow I0 5-3 OI 0 241 0 241 3 I 3 I --- I 7-11 114-30I1 30-1 551 0 60-2 00 10 12-0 18ILow IO 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 11-30 135-4511 30-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 18ILow I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 30-60 115-30I1 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 08-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 94B I I I I I I I I I I I I WEDOWEE 10-7 15-20I1 25-1 60I 2 00-6 00 IO 10-0 18ILow I0 5-3 OI 0 241 0 241 3 I 3 I --- 7-11 J 14-30I1 30-1 551 0 60-2 00 IO 12-0 18ILow IO 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 11-30 135-4511 30-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 12-0 18ILow 10 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 130-60 115-30I1 20-1 501 0 60-2 00 10 08-0 15ILow IO 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I U.S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 2 OF 6 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 I I I 'Erosion factorslWind (Wind Map symbol I Depth I Clay I Moist Permea- 'Available' Shrink- 'Organic' lerodi-lerodi- and soil name I I bulk bility I water swell I matter' I I Ibilitylbility density I 'capacity 'potential' I K I Kf I T 'group 'index I In I Pct I g/cc I In/hr I In/in I I Pct I I I I I I I I I I 47C I I I I I I I I I I I LOUISBURG 0-5 15-15I1 25-1 451 6 00-20 00I0 09-0 12ILow I0 5-2 0I 0 241 0 241 3 I 3 I --- I 5-60 I 7-1811 30-1 50I 6 00-20 00I0 10-0 12ILow --- I 0 241 0 241 I 60-64 I --- I --- I --- I --- I I --- I --- I --- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 2D I I I I I I I I I I I I ALBEMARLE I 0-5 110-20I1 35-1 551 2 00-6 00 IO 15-0 20ILow I1 0-2 0I 0 20I 0 20I 3 I 3 I --- I 5-30 120-35I1 30-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 13-0 18ILow I --- I 0 321 0 321 I I 30-38 I 5-2511 20-1 40I 2 00-6 00 IO 10-0 15ILow I --- I 0 281 0 281 I I 38-42 I --- I --- 10 20-0 60 I --- I I --- I --- I --- I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 65B I I I I I I I I I I I I PACOLET 10-6 18-20I1 00-1 50I 2 00-6 00 I0 08-0 12ILow IO 5-2 0I 0 20I 0 20I 3 I 3 I --- I 6-32 135-65I1 30-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 32-60 115-30I1 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 08-0 151Low I0 0-0 51 0 28I 0 281 I I 60-64 110-2511 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 08-0 151Low I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 65C I I I I I I I I I I I I PACOLET 10-6 18-20I1 00-1 50I 2 00-6 00 I0 08-0 12ILow I0 5-2 0I 0 20I 0 20I 3 I 3 I --- I 6-32 135-65I1 30-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 12-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 32-60 115-30I1 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 08-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 60-64 110-25I1 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 08-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 21C I I I I I I I I I I I I CULPEPER I 0-8 110-25I1 10-1 30I 2 00-6 00 IO 10-0 15ILow 11 0-2 0I 0 371 0 371 4 I 3 I --- I 8-30 135-55I1 20-1 40I 0 60-2 00 I0 13-0 18IModerate I --- I 0 281 0 281 I I 130-37 130-40I1 35-1 50I 0 60-2 00 IO 13-0 19IModerate I --- I 0 171 0 171 I I 137-45 110-20I1 10-1 30I 0 60-2 00 IO 08-0 15ILow I --- I 0 171 0 20I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 27C I I I I I I I I I I I I ELIOAK I 0-8 115-27I1 25-1 40I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 24ILow 11 0-3 0I 0 321 0 321 5 I 5 I --- , I 8-39 130-60I1 30-1 60I 0 20-2 00 IO 08-0 12ILow I0 0-0 51 0 371 0 371 I I 39-72 115-27I1 25-1 40I 0 60-2 00 IO 08-0 12ILow I0 0-0 51 0 491 0 551 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 88 I I I I I I I I I I I UDORTHENTS I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 53B: I I I I I I I I I I I MASADA I 0-7 110-27I1 20-1 50I 2 00-6 00 IO 10-0 17ILow I1 0-3 0I 0 321 0 32I 4 I 3 I --- I 7-33 127-55I1 30-1 60I 0 60-2 00 IO 10-0 17IModerate I --- I 0 241 0 241 I I 33-62 125-40I1 30-1 60I 0 60-2 00 IO 10-0 17IModerate I --- I 0 241 0 241 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 3 OF 6 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS--Continued N Fork/#1,#2 I I I I I !Erosion factorslwind (Wind Map symbol I Depth I Clay I Moist I Permea- 'Available' Shrink- IOrganicl lerodi-lerodi- and soil name I bulk I bility I water 1 swell I matter' I Ibilitylbility I density 1 'capacity !potential' I K I Kt I T !group 'index I I I 1 I In Pct I g/cc I In/hr I In/in I I Pct I I I I I I I I I I I I 76 I I I I 1 I I I I I RIVERVIEW I 0-12 110-27I1 30-1 601 0 60-2 00 IO 16-0 24ILow IO 5-2 OI 0 321 0 321 5 5 --- 12-35 118-35I1 20-1 40I 0 60-2 00 10 15-0 22ILow 10 5-1 OI 0 241 0 241 I 35-60 I 4-1811 20-1 50I 2 00-6 00 I0 07-0 11ILow I0 5-1 0I 0 171 0 171 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 14E I I I I I 1 I I I I I I CHESTER I 0-7 10-2311 10-1 30I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 16JLow 11 0-3 0I 0 321 0 321 5 I 5 I --- I 7-41 18-3511 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 10-0 14ILow I0 0-0 51 0 431 0 431 I I 41-60 110-2411 40-1 60I 0 60-2 00 I0 08-0 121Low I0 0-0 51 0 491 0 491 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 36C I I I I I I I I I I I I HAYESVILLE I 0-7 110-25I1 35-1 60I 2 00-6 00 I0 12-0 20ILow 11 0-3 0I 0 20I 0 20I 5 I 5 I --- I 7-58 130-50I1 20-1 351 0 60-2 00 IO 15-0 20ILow I0 5-1 0I 0 241 0 241 I I 58-83 120-40I1 30-1 40I 0 60-2 00 IO 12-0 20ILow I0 0-0 51 0 20I 0 20I I I 83-87 I 5-2511 45-1 651 2 00-6 00 IO 11-0 15ILow IO 0-0 51 0 171 0 171 I I I I I I 1 I I I I I I I 56B I I 1 I 1 I I I I I I I MEADOWVILLE I 0-14 110-27I1 00-1 251 2 00-6 00 IO 17-0 20ILow 12 0-4 0I 0 371 0 371 3 I 6 I --- 14-46 120-35I1 20-1 50I 0 60-6 00 IO 14-0 19IModerate I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 46-73 120-5011 20-1 50I 0 60-6 00 10 11-0 17IModerate I0 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I 173-77 115-2711 20-1 50I 0 60-6 00 10 10-0 19ILow IO 0-0 51 0 281 0 281 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 36B: I I I 1 I I I I I I I I HAYESVILLE I 0-7 10-2511 35-1 601 2 00-6 00 IO 12-0 20ILow 11 0-3 0I 0 20I 0 20I 5 I 5 I --- I 7-58 130-50I1 20-1 351 0 60-2 00 I0 15-0 20ILow IO 5-1 0I 0 241 0 241 I I 58-83 120-40I1 30-1 40I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 20ILow IO 0-0 51 0 20I 0 20I I I 83-87 I 5-2511 45-1 651 2 00-6 00 I0 11-0 15ILow I0 0-0 51 0 171 0 171 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 36D: I I I I I I I I I I I I HAYESVILLE I 0-7 110-25I1 35-1 60I 2 00-6 00 I0 12-0 20ILow 11 0-3 0I 0 20I 0 20I 5 I 5 I --- I 7-58 130-50I1 20-1 351 0 60-2 00 I0 15-0 20ILow IO 5-1 0I 0 241 0 241 I I 58-83 120-40I1 30-1 40I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 20ILow IO 0-0 51 0 20I 0 20I I I 83-87 I 5-2511 45-1 651 2 00-6 00 I0 11-0 15ILow IO 0-0 51 0 171 0 171 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 15D I I I I I I I I I I I I CHESTER I 0-7 J 10-2311 10-1 30I 0 60-2 00 I0 12-0 16ILow 11 0-3 0I 0 241 0 321 5 I 5 I --- I 7-41 118-35I1 20-1 50I 0 60-2 00 I0 10-0 14ILow I0 0-0 51 0 431 0 431 I I 41-60 110-2411 40-1 60I 0 60-2 00 I0 08-0 121Low I0 0-0 51 0 491 0 491 I I I I 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1-I I U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 4 OF 6 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS Endnote -- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS This report shows estimates of some characteristics and features that affect soil behavior These estimates are given for the major layers of each soil in the survey area The estimates are based on field observations and on test data for these and similar soils CLAY as a soil separate consists of mineral soil particles that are less than 0 002 millimeter in diameter In this report, the estimated clay content of each major soil layer is given as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter The amount and kind of clay greatly affect the fertility and physical condition of the soil They determine the ability of the soil to adsorb cations and to retain moisture They influence shrink-swell potential, permeability, plasticity, the ease of soil dispersion, and other soil properties The amount and kind of clay in a soil also affect tillage and earthmoving operations MOIST BULK DENSITY is the weight of soil (ovendry) per unit volume Volume is measured when the soil is at field moisture capacity, the moisture content at 1/3 bar moisture tension Weight is determined after drying the soil at 105 degrees C In this report, the estimated moist bulk density of each major soil horizon is expressed in grams per cubic centimeter of soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter Bulk density data are used to compute shrink-swell potential, available water capacity, total pore space, and other soil properties The moist bulk density of a soil indicates the pore space available for water and roots A bulk density of more than 1 6 can restrict water storage and root penetration Moist bulk density is influenced by texture, kind of clay, content of organic matter, and soil structure PERMEABILITY refers to the ability of a soil to transmit water or air The estimates indicate the rate of downward movement of water when the soil is saturated They are based on soil characteristics observed in the field, particularly structure, porosity, and texture Permeability is considered in the design of soil drainage systems, septic tank absorption fields, and construction where the rate of water movement under saturated conditions affects behavior AVAILABLE WATER CAPACITY refers to the quantity of water that the soil is capable of storing for use by plants The capacity for water storage is given in inches of water per inch of soil for each major soil layer The capacity varies, depending on soil properties that affect the retention of water and the depth of the root zone The most important properties are the content of organic matter, soil texture, bulk density, and soil structure Available water capacity is an important factor in the choice of plants or crops to be grown and in the design and management of irrigation systems Available water capacity is not an estimate of the quantity of water actually available to plants at any given time SHRINK-SWELL POTENTIAL is the potential for volume change in a soil with a loss or gain of moisture Volume change occurs mainly because of the interaction of clay minerals with water and varies with the amount and type of clay minerals in the soil The size of the load on the soil and the magnitude of the change in soil moisture content influence the amount of swelling of soils in place Laboratory measurements of swelling of undisturbed clods were made for many soils For others, swelling was estimated on the basis of the kind and amount of clay minerals in the soil and on measurements of similar soils If the shrink-swell potential is rated moderate to very high, shrinking and swelling can cause damage to buildings, roads, and other structures Special design is often needed Shrink-swell potential classes are based on the change in length of an unconfined clod as moisture content is increased from air-dry to field capacity The change is based on the soil fraction less than 2 millimeters in diameter. The classes are "Low," a change of less than 3 percent; "Moderate," 3 to 6 percent; and "High," more than 6 percent "Very high," greater than 9 percent, is sometimes used U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 5 OF 6 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS Endnote -- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS--Continued ORGANIC MATTER is the plant and animal residue in the soil at various stages of decomposition In report J, the estimated content of organic matter is expressed as a percentage, by weight, of the soil material that is less than 2 millimeters in diameter The content of organic matter in a soil can be maintained or increased by returning crop residue to the soil Organic matter affects the available water capacity, infiltration rate, and tilth It is a source of nitrogen and other nutrients for crops EROSION FACTOR K indicates the susceptibility of the whole soil (including rocks and rock fragments) to sheet and rill erosion by water Factor K is one of six factors used in the Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) to predict the average annual rate of soil loss by sheet and rill erosion in tons per acre per year The estimates are based primarily on percentage of silt, sand, and organic matter (up to 4 percent) and on soil structure and permeability Values of K range from 0 05 to 0 69 The higher the value, the more susceptible the soil is to sheet and rill erosion by water EROSION FACTOR Kf is like EROSION FACTOR K but it is for the fine-earth fraction of the soil Rocks and rock fragments are not considered EROSION FACTOR T is an estimate of the maximum average annual rate of soil erosion by wind or water that can occur without affecting crop productivity over a sustained period The rate is in tons per acre per year WIND ERODIBILITY GROUPS are made up of soils that have similar properties affecting their resistance to wind erosion in cultivated areas The groups indicate the susceptibility of soil to wind erosion Soils are grouped according to the following distinctions 1 Coarse sands, sands, fine sands, and very fine sands These soils are generally not suitable for crops They are extremely erodible, and vegetation is difficult to establish 2 Loamy coarse sands, loamy sands, loamy fine sands, loamy very fine sands, and sapric soil material These soils are very highly erodible Crops can be grown if intensive measures to control wind erosion are used 3 Coarse sandy loams, sandy loams, fine sandy loams, and very fine sandy loams These soils are highly erodible Crops can be grown if intensive measures to control wind erosion are used 4L Calcareous loans, silt loans, clay loans, and silty clay loams These soils are erodible Crops can be grown if intensive measures to control wind erosion are used 4 Clays, silty clays, noncalcareous clay loams, and silty clay loans that are more than 35 percent clay These soils are moderately erodible Crops can be grown if measures to control wind erosion are used U S DEPARTMENT OF AGRICULTURE PAGE 6 OF 6 NATURAL RESOURCES CONSERVATION SERVICE 03/21/00 PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS Endnote -- PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF SOILS--Continued 5 Noncalcareous loans and silt loans that are less than 20 percent clay and sandy clay loams, sandy clays, and hemic soil material These soils are slightly erodible Crops can be grown if measures to control wind erosion are used 6. Noncalcareous loans and silt loans that are more than 20 percent clay and noncalcareous clay loans that are less than 35 percent clay These soils are very slightly erodible Crops can be grown if ordinary measures to control wind erosion are used 7 Silts, noncalcareous silty clay loans that are less than 35 percent clay, and fibric soil material These soils are very slightly erodible Crops can be grown if ordinary measures to control wind erosion are used 6. Soils that are not subject to wind erosion because of coarse fragments on the surface or because of surface wetness The WIND ERODIBILITY INDEX is used in the wind erosion equation (WEQ) The index number indicates the amount of soil lost in tons per acre per year The range of wind erodibility index numbers is 0 to 300