HomeMy WebLinkAboutWPO201300038 Calculations 2013-06-03 Rivanna Water and Sewer Authority
New Rivanna Pump Station and
Rivanna Interceptor Tunnel
R1VANN
A
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WATER & SEWER AUTHORITY
Amendment to Approved
Site Development Plan # 201200040
Water Protection Ordinance # 201200060
Including Erosion Control Narrative and Calculations, Stormwater Analysis, and
Related Specifications
Submitted to: County of Albemarle
August 2013
f BRIAN YANCEY yS
PORTER
Lie. No.041975 W
SSoohva EZG rQ/203
Hazen and Sawyer
Environmental Engineers & Scientists
NARRATIVE REPORT
INTRODUCTION
The Rivanna Water and Sewer Authority (RWSA) is proposing an upgrade to their existing
sanitary sewer interceptor as well as the Rivanna Pump Station (RPS) which conveys
wastewater to the Moores Creek Wastewater Treatment Plant (WWTP). These upgrades will
increase the current firm capacity of 25 MGD to a firm capacity of 53 MGD in expectation of
increases of future flows. The current Rivanna Pump Station is located off-site in the City of
Charlottesville's Woolen Mills neighborhood, adjacent to Riverview Park. Given the close
proximity of the exiting RPS to the City's residential and recreational facilities, RWSA, will
decommission the existing RPS and construct a new RPS on the Moores Creek WWTP
property. To relocate the RPS to the Moores Creek WWTP site, the existing 60" Rivanna
interceptor will be extended 1,626 linear feet from the decommissioned RPS to the new location
on the Moores Creek WWTP property. This extension will be installed through a 7.5' diameter
tunnel, constructed with a tunnel boring machine. During construction, the tunnel will require a
work shaft at the Moores Creek WWTP and an exit shaft at the existing RPS property.
Construction of these improvements is anticipated to be complete by the end of summer 2017.
The proposed Rivanna Pump station at the Moores Creek WWTP is proposed as an
amendment to previously approved site and erosion control plans SDP #201200040/WPO
#201200060. The existing RPS resides within the City of Charlottesville's jurisdiction, and all
necessary permits for it's decommission will be coordinated with the City. All proposed
construction will take place within the Moores Creek WWTP property, but additional property
adjacent to the WWTP will be required to provide the contractor necessary staging area and
Nvor, access to the construction area at the WWTP. Extensive property negotiations have taken
place to provide RWSA temporary construction easements for access and construction, as well
as subterranean easements for the proposed interceptor upgrade. Please refer to the contract
drawings for all agreed upon off-site locations and easements.
The disturbed area for these improvements, including all off-site areas inside Albemarle
County's jurisdiction, is approximately 4.2 acres. Any excess and unsuitable soil will be
stockpiled onsite by the contractor with the option of unsuitable material to be disposed of in an
approved location with all required permits to be acquired by the contractor.
Erosion and sediment control measures will be used to limit erosion and contain sediment from
the construction and cleared areas prior to the establishment of vegetation.
SOILS
As a result of the plant's large footprint, a wide variety of soil types exist on site. These soils
have been identified and classed by the Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS), and
are detailed below.
12D, 12E—Catoctin Silt Loam
The Catoctin series soils exist on ridges and side slopes in the Northern Piedmont plateau and
Blue Ridge Mountains. The soils nearly level to very steep with slope gradients ranging from
about 0 to 80 percent. Catoctin soils formed in material weathered from greenstone and other
dark colored rocks. This soil is well drained, producing medium or moderately rapid runoff, with
N,w„ a moderately rapid permeability. Commonly found in Virginia, Maryland and Pennsylvania.
13D— Catoctin Very Stony Silt Loam
This soil portrays the same characteristics as the Catoctin soil listed above, yet contains
approximately 7 percent cobble, stones, or boulders.
23B, 23C— Davidson Clay Loam
The Davidson series consists of very deep, well drained, moderately permeable soils that
formed in materials weathered from dark colored rocks high in ferromagnesian minerals. These
soils are on gently sloping to moderately steep uplands in the Piedmont. Slopes range from 2 to
15 percent. Commonly found in Alabama, Georgia, North and South Carolina, and Virginia.
55B— McQueen Loam
The McQueen series consists of very deep, well drained, slowly permeable soils on stream
terraces at low to intermediate elevations above the flood plain. They formed in stratified clayey
and loamy alluvial sediments. Slopes commonly are 0 to 5 percent but range from 0 to 15
percent. Commonly found in Alabama, North Carolina and Virginia.
58D— Myersville Silt Loam
The Myersville series consists of deep, well drained soils formed in material weathered from
basic crystalline rocks, including greenstone, on nearly level to very steep uplands. Permeability
is moderate, and slopes range from 0 to 80 percent. Commonly found in Virginia, Maryland,
Pennsylvania and West Virginia.
71C, 71D— Rabun Clay Loam
The Rabun series consists of dark brownish-red clay, which is deep, moderately drained soils
on slopes and rolling areas, with a gradient ranging from 3 to 15 percent. Commonly found in
Virginia and North Carolina.
77 — Riverview-Chewacla Complex
This series consists of a mix of both Riverview and Chewacla soils, in approximate proportions
of 50 percent Riverview to 40 percent Chewacla. This complex tend to be moderately deep, well
drained, medium-textured alluvial soils on flood plains of streams, formed by materials washed
from surrounding uplands. Runoff is slow with moderate permeability. Slopes range from 0 to 2
percent.
83 —Toccoa Fine Sandy Loam
The Toccoa series consists of very deep, well drained to moderately well drained soils formed of
loamy and sandy alluvium from igneous and metamorphic rocks. Typically found in low to flat
areas of the Piedmont and Upper Coastal Plains, with slopes ranging from 0 to 4 percent.
Commonly found in Alabama, North Carolina, Georgia, South Carolina and Virginia.
88 - Udorthents
This soil series consists of nearly level and gently sloping areas where the original soils have
been cut away or covered with a loamy fill material. Most areas have been graded to a smooth
surface. Areas are dominantly on uplands but are in almost every landscape position. This soil
is moderately drained, with a moderate to slow permeability. Slopes are smooth or irregular, and
range from 0 to 25 percent but are dominantly 0 to 5 percent.
•
ADJACENT AREAS
Land use immediately surrounding the property is primarily low development, undeveloped, and
scattered industrial areas. The property is bounded to the north and west by individually owned
industrial lots, some developed as private businesses, others completely undeveloped. To the
east, the property is bounded by the Rivanna River. The parcel shares its southern boundary
with a VDOT public right-of-way, occupied by US Interstate 64. All minimum yard requirements
are met for this parcel along its boundaries. As a result of all similarly zoned properties
surrounding the MCVWVfP parcel, this parcel is exempt from setbacks, buffers, and landscaped
screening.
EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL MEASURES
A majority of the erosion and sediment control devices and measures have been designed and
placed in accordance with the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook (VESCH), Third
Edition, 1992.
Temporary measures will be used to limit erosion and contain sediment from cleared areas prior
to the establishment of vegetation. Once construction, including all structural measures, is
complete and permanent vegetative cover has been established, these measures may be
removed with approval from the engineer. Vegetative cover for disturbed areas will consist of
grasses as recommended by the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook. See the
Plans and Specification Section 02910 — Final Grading and Landscaping for the proposed
Seeding schedule, attached.
The temporary measures proposed for this amendment addition includes silt fence, construction
entrances, inlet erosion control and temporary seeding measures as required. The above
devices will filter sediment from run-off to prevent sediment from being deposited off-site, while
the temporary seeding will limit erosion during construction activities. See Specification Section
02276 — Erosion and Sedimentation Control and Section 02910 — Final Grading and
Landscaping for further details on these temporary and permanent measures.
Temporary Stabilization
A majority of the temporary sediment and erosion control measures where designed and
chosen based on criteria from the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook.
Stabilization construction entrances/exits and silt fence are designed in accordance with the
guidelines established in VESCH Sections 3.02 and 3.05.
Storm drain inlets will be protected with in-grate sediment filters. These were selected due to
their high efficiency, ease of maintenance. Also, due to their location below the grate in the inlet
itself, they do not provide an obstruction to vehicle traffic; a matter of importance to this
particular project as many of the grates are in travel lanes.
Temporary seeding measures were chosen as per the recommendations of VESCH Section
3.31. Temporary rolled erosion control mat was designed in accordance with the procedures
outlined in Section 3.36.
Permanent Stabilization
Upon completion of the project, permanent vegetative plantings will be used to achieve
stabilization of the site. All temporary erosion and sediment control measures will be removed
once the site has been stabilized. All permanent vegetative plantings conform to those
specified in the VESCH Section 3.32. See Specification Section 02910 - Final Grading and
Landscaping, attached, for the proposed seeding schedule.
Erosion Control Sequence
1) No demolition, construction or land disturbance activities may begin until all perimeter
erosion control measures have been installed in locations as shown on the Contract
Drawings. If clearing is required for installation of a particular measure, all other measures
shown shall be installed first. The clearing of the land necessary for installation of the
particular measure may then proceed.
2) Once all measures have been installed, the site shall be cleared and grubbed as necessary
within the limits of disturbance as shown on the Contract Drawings. Efforts shall be made to
minimize the amount of cleared area exposed at any given time.
3) Once clearing and grubbing is complete, any necessary topsoil stripping may begin. Topsoil
shall be stockpiled on site in the stockpiling areas shown on the Contract Drawings.
Stockpile shall receive such temporary seeding measures as may be required. Any soil
taken offsite shall be stockpiled at locations with all required permits. If offsite location does
not have all required permits, the contractor is responsible for obtaining any required
permits.
4) Demolition, earthwork and construction operations may begin once topsoil has been
removed and stockpiled.
5) All pipes shall be installed in accordance with standard construction techniques. Only the
length of trench in which pipe can be installed in one days time shall be open at any time,
with spoil material placed on the uphill side of the trench. Piping shall be capped at end of
each days work to prevent sediment from entering. Trench shall be backfilled at end of
each days work and disturbed area seeded and mulched within seven (7) days of backfill.
6) Temporary soil stabilization shall be applied within seven (7) days to denuded areas that
may not be at final grade but will remain dormant for longer than fourteen (14) days, except
for that portion of the site on which work will be continuous beyond fourteen (14) days.
7) Once construction activities are complete, final grading may begin.
8) Upon completion of final grading, permanent seeding, mulching and fertilizing measures
shall be employed on all disturbed areas as per Section 02910 — Final Grading and
Landscaping. Permanent soil stabilization shall be applied within seven (7) days after final
grade is reached on any portion of the site. All erosion control measures shall remain in
place until entire site has been stabilized.
9) Once permanent stabilization has occurred, temporary sediment control measures shall be
removed. Any areas disturbed by the removal of these measures shall be returned as
closely as possible to original condition and seeded, mulched and fertilized as per
Specification Section 02910.
Maintenance and Sediment Disposal
All sediment and erosion control measures shall be inspected upon installation, at least once
every fourteen (14) days and within 48 hours following any runoff producing rainfall event.
"° Repairs to, or replacement of, measures shall occur immediately if necessary and accumulated
sediment removed as needed.
Sediment shall be removed from all erosion control measures when the sediment storage
volume of the measure has become 50% full. All removed sediment shall be disposed of in an
approved manner at the stockpile location or a location to be designated by the Engineer or
Owner. Steps shall be taken at the disposal site to insure that further sediment transport does
not occur.
All disturbed areas shall be permanently seeded as soon as possible, but in no case later than
seven (7) calendar days after construction activities are complete. Areas shall be seeded,
fertilized and mulched in accordance with the Seeding schedule in Section 02910 — Final
Grading and Landscaping, of the Specifications.
STORMWATER ANALYSIS
Introduction
This stormwater analysis has been prepared in response to the New Rivanna Pump Station and
Rivanna Interceptor Project. The material provided in this analysis evaluates how the proposed
project will affect stormwater runoff and nutrient export from the site. All material provided in
this analysis has been prepared and is presented in general accordance with the guidelines
outlined in the Albemarle County Water Protection Ordinance.
This analysis focuses on 3 areas: storm water quantity, storm water quality, and a 10-yr storm
analysis of the retro-fitted storm water network. The area of the study currently consists of
approximately 2.32 acres; a combination of grassed areas, buildings, tanks, and other
impervious cover such as roadway and sidewalk. The runoff in this area is collected in a series
of catch basins and inlets, and discharged through an existing outfall to Moores Creek. A large
portion of this area is treated for quality through the use of an underground DC sand filter, which
was installed recently during the 2008 Nutrient Removal Project (SDP2008-100).
The proposed Rivanna Pump Station will be constructed in an area of the site which consists of
mostly impervious cover by way of an existing building (to be demolished) and asphalt
pavement. In addition, a portion of the pump station is an open channel covered by a slotted
grate, allowing rainfall to fall in to the channel, and therefore, producing no runoff. When
factored with the largely existing impervious area in which the pump station will be placed, only
a minor increase in overall runoff is anticipated. It should be noted, however, the proposed
Rivanna Pump Station will be located at the same site as the existing sand filter. As a result, the
existing sand filter will be removed and replaced with a new filter in an adjacent location. This
BMP will be located and sized to provide treatment for both the improvements made under its
original 2008 Nutrient Removal project (SDP2008-100) as well as the proposed Rivanna Pump
Station improvements.
Methodologies and Procedures
The primary task of this stormwater analysis is to determine the degree of stormwater treatment
required for the proposed project for quantity, quality and adequacy. The extent of this analysis
accounted for the following factors: the location of the project site, the size of the site respective
to the total watershed, and the degree of proposed development.
10 year Peak Flow Rate (Quantity)
As a result of the limited amount of additional impervious area added, the increase in runoff
from the site is minimal. To determine if quantity control should be considered, we considered
the location and situation of the site. The Moores Creek WWTP is bisected by Moores Creek;
therefore, a large portion of the site resides inside the flood plain. According paragraph F of
section 17-314 of the Albemarle County Water Protection Ordinance,
"Land development or a portion of land development on land which is
designated as lying within a flood plain, except in cases where the flood
plain has been modified by permitted fill or other activities in compliance with
the zoning ordinance"
shall be exempt from controlling the peak rate and velocity of runoff.
No quantity controls are proposed, as the site is exempt from such conditions.
Minimum Standard-19 (Quantity)
Minimum Standard 19 states that,
"Properties and waterways downstream from development sites shall be
protected from sediment deposition, erosion and damage due to increase in
volume, velocity and peak flow rate of stormwater runoff for the stated
frequency storm of 24-hour duration". In order to comply with these
standards all concentrated stormwater runoff leaving the site needed to be
discharged into adequate sized channels and stormwater pipes".
The project area is very small in comparison to the total drainage area of Moores Creek;
therefore, Moores Creek can be assumed adequately sized to hand the additional runoff from
the proposed project. However the retrofitted stormwater network and its discharge points
needed to be evaluated to comply with the requirements of Minimum Standard - 19. Drainage
areas for each effected catch basin were analyzed for the 10 year storm and the calculations
have been included in Appendix IV of this report.
Water Quality Concerns
As a part of the 2008 Nutrient Removal Project (SDP2008-100), RWSA installed a DC style
sand filter to meet that project's nutrient removal reduction rate requirement. A sand filter BMP
was chosen for the 2008 project due to its high removal efficiency and the limited space in the
area for larger, natural at-grade BMP. The large paved area just south of the Chlorine Building,
as shown in the pre construction drainage area maps, provided the most practical installation
location for the existing sand filter. The DC style allowed the sand filter to be buried under the
existing pavement, allowing RWSA to continue to use the area for their operational needs, while
treating storm water before discharging into Moores Creek.
The existing sand filter will be taken out of service during the excavation for the new pump
station. In order to account for the proposed project improvements as well as the area being
treated by the existing sand filter, the pre construction conditions shown in the drainage area
maps and used in the Albemarle County Modified Simple BMP Worksheet represent the site
conditions before the 2008 Nutrient Improvements Project. As shown on the drainage area
maps, the point of analysis for the pre construction drainage area is an existing curb inlet that
drains directly to Moores Creek. Based on the calculation of the Albemarle County Simple
Method BMP Spreadsheet, the pre construction drainage area of 2.32 acres is 31% impervious;
therefore, the project is considered a redevelopment because it is over the 20% impervious
threshold.
The location of the proposed pump station, along with the development from the 2008 Nutrient
Removal project will slightly increase the pre construction drainage area, as well as eliminate
the existing catch basin used as the pre construction analysis point. As a result, the post
construction drainage area increased to 2.47 acres, as evaluated at manhole A which drains
directly to Moores Creek. As shown in the Albemarle County BMP worksheet, the post
construction impervious area is 47%, greater than the pre construction drainage area which will
require stormwater treatment. The Moores Creek WWTP is located within the Development
Area of the Albemarle County Water Resources Area, and according to the BMP spreadsheet
this project will require a BMP to remove 2.46 lbs of stormwater pollutant and have a removal
efficiency of 37%.
Proposed Sand Filter
As was the case in the 2008 project, the construction area is limited in available space for
stormwater BMPs and with the proposed pump station taking up a portion of this limited real
estate a sand filter seemed to be the most logical solution to treat stormwater in the area. An
area just south of the proposed pump station was chosen and the existing stormwater network
was retrofitted to route stormwater to the new sand filter location. Because of the high efficiently
of the sand filter to treat stormwater it was not necessary or practical to send the entire post
construction drainage area to the sand filter. Due to site constraints, the sand filter does not
receive the entirety of the post construction drainage area, directing only 1.78 acres of the 2.47
acre drainage area to the sand filter. As such, the filter has been evaluated to determine
whether it was receiving and treating enough stormwater pollutant to reach the target removal of
2.46 lbs.
The Albemarle County BMP worksheet was used to evaluate the sand filter's 1.78 acre drainage
and it was determined that the sand filter received 5.18 lbs of stormwater pollutant. According
to the Virginia Stormwater Management Handbook, First Edition, section 3.12 Sand Filters, a
Washington D.C. Sand Filter sized to handle the 0.5" water quality volume, will have a removal
efficient of 65%. The proposed sand filter operating at a pollutant efficiency of 65% will treat
3.37 lbs out of the 5.18 lbs of pollutant export it receives, which exceeds the required removal of
2.46 lbs.
Conclusion
The proposed site, which takes up area inside the flood plain, is exempt from controlling the
peak rate and velocity of runoff for the project based on the exemptions listed in Albemarle
County's Water Protection Ordinance. However, a stormwater analysis of the project's
receiving channels and effected stormwater network was evaluated to ensure adequacy based
on the compliance of Minimum Standards 19. All stormwater analysis calculations can be found
in Appendix IV of this report.
Using the Albemarle County Simple Method Spreadsheet, it was determined our site is required
to reduce post construction storm pollutant export by 2.46 lbs to meet the 2008 pre construction
loading rate, requiring a BMP with a minimum of a 37% removal efficiency. A sand filter BMP
with 65% removal efficiency is proposed, which will meet our requirements by removing
'ill., approximately 3.37 lbs of storm pollutant export.
Under these proposed conditions for the management/treatment of stormwater runoff, the
Moores Creek WWTP is under compliance of all applicable performance standards and
requirements
STREAM BUFFER
It appears that this project's stream buffer disturbance is exempt under Sections 17-321.1 and
exempt from the duties to retain, establish or manage the stream buffer under 17-319B. There
will be no disturbance to any of the existing vegetated Moores Creek buffer as a result of this
project. All disturbances within the 100' stream buffer will be for the installation of process
piping within the limits of an existing asphalt drive. Once all proposed piping installation is
complete the disturbed asphalt pavement will be restored to its pre construction condition and
elevation. All construction, installation, and maintenance, of the proposed piping will comply
with all federal, state, and local requirements and permits and be conducted in a manner that
protects water quality.
CRITICAL SLOPES
Critical slopes, as defined by the County of Albemarle, are areas of topographic inclines that
exceed a 25% slope. By definition, if these slopes exist naturally, no disturbance or impact are
to be made to these slopes without approval by the County. Critical slopes do exist on this site,
however it appears these slopes were created when the plant was originally constructed and/or
expanded. A Critical Slope waiver was requested, and granted, in the previously approved site
plan. Nevertheless, none of these areas will be impacted as a result of the proposed
improvements of this amendment.
Appendices
Appendix I — Site Plan/WPO Amendment Applications
Appendix II — Contract Drawings
Appendix Ill — Erosion Control Calculations
Appendix IV— Stormwater Analysis Calculations
Appendix V— Specifications
Section 02050— Demolition
Section 02100—Clearing, Grubbing, and Site Preparation
Section 02200— Earthwork
Section 02207 —Aggregate Materials
Section 02276— Erosion and Sedimentation Control
Section 02500—Surface Restoration
Section 02910 — Final Grading and Landscaping
Appendix I
Site Plan/ WPO Amendment Applications
(Under Separate Cover)
Appendix II
Contract Drawings
(Under Separate Cover)
fir• H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
Appendix Ill
Erosion Control Calculations
H&S Project No.31037-042 P
Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
Silt Fence Calculations
H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
NEW RIVANNA PUMP STATION 8/23/2013
HAZEN AND SAWYER EROSION CONTROL BY: BTE CHK.
Environmental Engineers&Scientists
SILT FENCE CALCULATIONS JOB NO. 31037-042
Objective: Determine if silt fence will contain sediment generated.
References: (1) Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook, Section 3.05.
Procedure: As required by Reference 1, ensure that area drained by silt fence is no
greater than 3/4 acre per 100 feet of fencing.
Fence Fence Area
Number Length Drained OK?
(ft) (ac)
1 ° ° : ,, OK
2 OK
3 OK
4 * OK
5 �.. � OK
6 OK
7 OK
Page 1 of 1
Appendix IV
Stormwater Analysis
H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
Albemarle County — Engineering Simple Method Spreadsheet
Pre and Post Construction
**"" H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
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Short Version BMP Computations For Worksheets 2-6
Albemarle County Water Protection Ordinance: Modified Simple Method
Plan: Rivanna Pump Station Water Resources Area: Development Area
Preparer: Hazen and Sawyer, P.C. BTE Date: 03-Mar-13
Project Drainage Area Designation Rivanna Pump Station
L storm pollutant export in pounds, L=[P(Pj)Rv/12][C(A)2.72]
Rv mean runoff coefficient, Rv=0.05+0.009(1)
Pj small storm correction factor, 0.9
I percent imperviousness
P annual precipitation,43"in Albemarle PRE POST
A project area in acres in subject drainage area, A= 2.32 2.47
C pollutant concentration, mg/I or ppm target phosphorus
f factor applied to RR
✓ required treatment volume in cy,0.5"over imperv. area= A(I)43560(0.5/12)/27
RR required removal, L(post)-f x L(pre)
%RR removal efficiency, RR100/L(post)
Impervious Cover Computation(values in feet&square feet)
Item
pre-development Area post-development Area
Roads Length Width subtotal Length Width subtotal
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0
0 0
Driveways Length Width no. subtotal Length Width no. subtotal
and walks 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 0 18419 0 0 0 0 18411
Parking Lots 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Gravel areas Area Area
5078 x 0.70= 3554.6 5473 x 0.70= 3831.1
Structures Area no. subtotal Area no. subtotal
O 0 0 0 0 0
O 0 0 0 0 0
0 0 0 3409 0 0 0 23008
Actively-grazed pasture& Area Area
yards and cultivated turf 74131 x 0.08= 5930.48 60546 x 0.08= 4843.68
Active crop land Area Area
x0.25= 0 x0.25= 0
Other Impervious Areas
0 0
Impervious Cover 31% 47%
l(pre) l(post)
Rv(post) V
0.47 72.6
New Development(For Development Areas,existing impervious cover<=20%)
C f I(pre)* Rv(pre) L(pre) L(post) RR %RR Area Type
0.70 1.00 20% 0.33 4.68 6.68 2.00 30% Development Area
0.35 1.00 0% 0.33 2.34 3.34 1.00 30% Drinking Water Watersheds
0.40 1.00 1% 0.33 2.68 3.82 1.14 30% Other Rural Land
"min.values
Redevelopment(For Development Areas,existing impervious cover>20%)
C f I(pre)* Rv(pre) L(pre) L(post) RR %RR Area Type
rrw' 0.70 0.90 20% 0.33 4.68 6.68 2.46 37% Development Area
0.35 0.85 0% 0.33 2.34 3.34 1.35 40% Drinking Water Watersheds
0.40 0.85 1% 0.33 2.68 3.82 1.54 40% Other Rural Land
Interim Manual, Page 70 rev. 16 Feb 1998 GEB
Albemarle County — Engineering Simple Method Spreadsheet
Drainage area to Sand filter
H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
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Virginia Department of Conservation & Recreation — Sand Filter
Sizing Worksheet
D.C. Underground Vault Sand Filter
H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
MINIMUM STANDARD 3.12 CHAPTER 3
WORKSHEET 3.12A
SIZING COMPUTATIONS FOR D.C. UNDERGROUND VAULT SAND FILTER
Page 1 of 4
Part 1: Select maximum
ponding depth over filter:
2h = Z ft;
h = 1 ft , PCCESSDOCR PAR
IPELON
PEPOSPACE
PPE Y h NWIgy1Pl,,
From Pollutant Load Sheets: rte, ie, ,,
_ m R
= r PPE
IPIPE
a p.e . acres La
L,
WQV = 157-S ft3
Outflow by gravity possible✓
Effluent pump required_
Part 2: Compute Minimum Area of Filter(Afj:
Aft,= 545I df
(df+h)
= [545x b.0`-t x 1•S ] / [ I.S + 1 ]
ftz
Part3: Considering Site Constraints,Select Filter Width(We)and Compute Filter Length(La
and Adjusted Filter Area (Aft:
Wf = 10 ft;
3.12A-15
MINIMUM STANDARD 3.12 CHAPTER 3
WORKSHEET 3.12A
SIZING COMPUTATIONS FOR D.C. UNDERGROUND VAULT SAND FILTER
Page 2 of 4
Lf=Afm/Wf
= to
= Z..S, say 2 .5 ft
Af= WfXLf= 10 X •S
2-S ft2
Part 4: Compute the Storage Volume on Top of the Filter(VTf)
VTf=Af x 2h= 21.S x z CC)
.. 5 c o ft3
Part 5: Compute Storage in Filter Voids (Vv):
(Assume 40% voids in filter media)
Vr,=0.4 x Af x (df+dg)
=0.4x - x( 1.S + 1.V )
= '31 .1, ft3
Part 6: Compute Flow Through Filter During Filling Period (VQZ:
(Assume 1-hour to fill per D.C. practice)
VQ=kAdf+h) ; use k= 2 ft/day = 0.0833 ft/hr
df
= [0.0833 x 2:45 x ( t• S + 1 )1/ l•
36.Z ft3
3.12A-16
MINIMUM STANDARD 3.12 CHAPTER 3
WORKSHEET 3.12A
SIZING COMPUTATIONS FOR D.C. UNDERGROUND VAULT SAND FILTER
Page 3 of 4
Part 7: Compute Net Volume to be Stored Awaiting Filtration (Vsd:
VSt=WQV - VTf- VV - VQ
= I SLS - ;so _ 3�► 3 - 34 .2
ZS.S ft3
Part 8: Compute Minimum Length of Permanent Pool (Lpml:
Lpm= Vst____ (o2S•c /( LCD x ° )
(2h x Wf)
3t.3 ft
Part 9: Compute Minimum Length of Sediment Chamber(Lsm)
fikar (to contain at least 20%of WQV per Austin practice)
Lsm= 0.2WQV o5 / 2,0
(2h x Wf)
= 1S.zs ft
Part 10: Set Final Length of Permanent Pool (Lp)
Lsm+2ft= IS•v +2 = r+ vs ft
If Lpm> Lsm +2ft, Make Lp= Lpm 3 k, = ft
If Lpm<Lsm +2ft, make Lp= Lsm +2ft =
3.12A-17
MINIMUM STANDARD 3.12 CHAPTER 3
WORKSHEET 3.12A
SIZING COMPUTATIONS FOR D.C. UNDERGROUND VAULT SAND FILTER
Page 4 of 4
Part 11: Set Length of Clearwell(Lc„) for Adequate Maintenance Access (Minimum =3 ft)
and Compute Final Inside Length (Lt;):
Lcw= .2) ft;
Sum of interior partition thicknesses Op)= ft
Lt1 =Lf+Lp+Lcw+tpi
= 2 . 5 + 31 .72 + 12 + I _ (v2. i3
= 10'; ft
Part 12: Design Effluent Pump if Required
Since pump must be capable of handling flow when filter is new, use k= 12 feet/day =
0.5 ft/hr
Q=iAff+h)
df
_ [0.5 x x ( + )]
ft3/hr ; /3600 = cfs;
x 448 = gpm
Part 13: Design Structural Shell to Accommodate Soil and Load conditions at Site:
It may be economical to adjust final dimensions upward to correspond with standard precast
structures or to round dimensions upward to simplify layout during construction.
3.12A-18
•
Stormwater Network Calculation
H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
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Appendix V
Specification
H&S Project No.31037-042 Rivanna Pump Station
Site Plan Amendment
SECTION 02050
..o DEMOLITION
PART 1 -- GENERAL
1.01 THE REQUIREMENT
A. The Contractor shall furnish all labor, materials and equipment in accordance with the
requirements of Section 01520-Maintenance of Utility Operations During Construction and
Section 01540 - Demolition and Removal of Existing Structures and Equipment.
B. In addition, the Contractor shall demolish and remove all concrete and asphaltic paving,
curbs, sidewalk, and miscellaneous yard structures as required and shown on the Contract
Drawings during the construction work.
1.02 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE
A. Section 01090 - Reference Standards
B. Section 01520 - Maintenance of Utility Operations During Construction
C. Section 01540 - Demolition and Removal of Existing Structures and Equipment
1.03 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS, CODES, AND STANDARDS
A. References shall be in accordance with reference standards, codes, and specifications as
set forth herein and in Section 02100 - Clearing, Grubbing, and Site Preparation.
PART 2 -- EXECUTION
2.01 DEMOLITION
A. Existing concrete and asphaltic paving, curbs, sidewalk and miscellaneous yard structures
within the areas designated for new construction work shall be completely demolished and
all debris removed from the site.
B. Excavation caused by demolition shall be backfilled with fill free from rubbish and debris.
C. Work shall be performed in such manner as not to endanger the safety of the workmen or
the public or cause damage to nearby structures.
D. Provide all barriers and precautionary measures in accordance with Owner's requirements
and other authorities having jurisdiction.
E. Where parts of existing structures are to remain in service, demolish the portions to be
removed, repair damage, and leave the structure in proper condition for the intended use.
Remove concrete and masonry to the lines designated by drilling,chipping,or other suitable
methods. Leave the resulting surfaces reasonably true and even, with sharp straight
31037-042102050:05-24-13 02050-1 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
corners that will result in neat joints with new construction and be satisfactory for the
purpose intended. Where existing reinforcing rods are to extend into new construction,
remove the concrete so that the reinforcing is clean and undamaged. Cut off other
reinforcing 1/2-inch below the surface and fill with epoxy resin binder flush with the surface.
F. Prior to the execution of the work, the Contractor, Owner and Engineer shall jointly survey
the condition of the adjoining and/or nearby structures. Photographs and records shall be
made of any prior settlement or cracking of structures, pavements, and the like, that may
become the subject of possible damage claims.
2.02 DISPOSAL OF MATERIAL
A. All debris resulting from the demolition and removal work shall be disposed of by the
Contractor as part of the work of this Contract. Material designated by the Engineer to be
salvaged shall be stored on the construction site as directed. All other material shall be
disposed of off site by the Contractor at his expense.
B. Burning of any debris resulting from the demolition will not be permitted at the site.
- END OF SECTION -
31037-042102050:05-24-13 02050-2 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
SECTION 02100
CLEARING, GRUBBING, AND SITE PREPARATION
PART 1 -- GENERAL
1.01 THE REQUIREMENT
A. Includes all labor, material,equipment and appliances required for the complete execution of
any additions, modifications, or alterations to existing building(s)and new construction work
as shown on the Drawings and specified herein.
B. Principal items of work include:
1. Notifying all authorities owning utility lines running to or on the property. Protecting
and maintaining all utility lines to remain and capping those that are not required in
accordance with instructions of the Utility Companies,and all other authorities having
jurisdiction.
2. Clearing the site within the Contract Limit Lines, including removal of grass, brush,
shrubs, trees, loose debris and other encumbrances except for trees marked to
remain.
3. Boxing and protecting all trees, shrubs, lawns and the like within areas to be
preserved. Relocating trees and shrubs, so indicated on the Drawings, to
`so- designated areas.
4. Repairing all injury to trees, shrubs, and other plants caused by site preparation
operations shall be repaired immediately. Work shall be done by qualified personnel
in accordance with standard horticultural practice and as approved by the Engineer.
5. Removing topsoil to its full depth from designated areas and stockpiling on site
where directed by the Engineer for future use.
6. Disposing from the site all debris resulting from work under this Section.
1.02 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE
A. Section 02200 - Earthwork
1.03 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS, CODES, AND STANDARDS
A. Virginia Administrative Code, Title 9
1.04 STREET AND ROAD BLOCKAGE
A. Closing of streets and roads during progress of the work shall be in compliance with the
requirements of the Owner and other authorities having jurisdiction. Access shall be
provided to all facilities remaining in operation.
31037-042102100:05-24-13 02100-1 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
1.05 PROTECTION OF PERSONS AND PROPERTY
A. All work shall be performed in such a manner to protect all personnel,workmen,pedestrians
and adjacent property and structures from possible injury and damage.
B. All conduits, wires, cables and appurtenances above or below ground shall be protected
from damage.
C. Provide warning and barrier fence where shown on the Drawings and as specified herein.
PART 2 -- EXECUTION
2.01 CLEARING OF SITE
A. Before removal of topsoil, and start of excavation and grading operations, the areas within
the clearing limits shall be cleared and grubbed.
B. Clearing shall consist of cutting, removal, and satisfactory disposal of all trees,fallen timber,
brush, bushes, rubbish, sanitary landfill material, fencing, and other perishable and
objectionable material within the areas to be excavated or other designated areas. Prior to
the start of construction, the Contractor shall survey the entire Contract site and shall
prepare a plan which defines the areas to be cleared and grubbed, trees to be pruned,
extent of tree pruning, and/or areas which are to be cleared but not grubbed. This plan shall
be submitted to the Engineer for approval. Should it become necessary to remove a tree,
bush, brush or other plants adjacent to the area to be excavated,the Contractor shall do so
only after permission has been granted by the Engineer.
C. Excavation resulting from the removal of trees, roots and the like shall be filled with suitable
material, as approved by the Engineer, and thoroughly compacted per the requirements
contained in Section 02200, Earthwork.
D. Unless otherwise shown or specified, the Contractor shall clear and grub a strip at least
15 ft. wide along all permanent fence lines installed under this Contract.
E. In temporary construction easement locations,only those trees and shrubs shall be removed
which are in actual interference with excavation or grading work under this Contract, and
removal shall be subject to approval by the Engineer. However, the Engineer reserves the
right to order additional trees and shrubs removed at no additional cost to the Owner, if
such, in his opinion, are too close to the work to be maintained or have become damaged
due to the Contractor's operations.
2.02 STRIPPING AND STOCKPILING EXISTING TOPSOIL
A. Existing topsoil and sod on the site within areas designated on the Drawings shall be
stripped to whatever depth it may occur, and stored in locations directed by the Engineer.
B. The topsoil shall be free of stones, roots, brush, rubbish,or other unsuitable materials before
stockpiling the topsoil.
C. Care shall be taken not to contaminate the stockpiled topsoil with any unsuitable materials.
31037-042102100:05-24-13 02100-2 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
2.03 GRUBBING
A. Grubbing shall consist of the removal and disposal of all stumps, roots, logs,sticks and other
perishable materials to a depth of at least 6-inches below ground surfaces.
B. Large stumps located in areas to be excavated may be removed during grading operations,
subject to the approval of the Engineer.
2.04 DISPOSAL OF MATERIAL
A. All debris resulting from the clearing and grubbing work shall be disposed of by the
Contractor as part of the work of this Contract. Material designated by the Engineer to be
salvaged shall be stored on the construction site as directed by the Engineer for reuse in this
Project or removal by others.
B. Burning of any debris resulting from the clearing and grubbing work will not be permitted at
the site.
2.05 WARNING AND BARRIER FENCE
A. The fence shall be made of a visible, lightweight, flexible, high strength polyethylene
material. The fence shall be MIRASAFE as manufactured by Mirafi, Inc., or equal.
B. Physical Properties
Fence:
Color: International Orange
Roll Size: 4' x 164'
Roll weight: 34 lbs.
Mesh opening: 1-1/2"x 3"
Posts:
ASTM Designation: ASTM 702
Length: 5 feet long (T-Type)
Weight: 1.25 #/Foot (min)
Area of Anchor Plate: 14 Sq. In.
C. Drive posts 12 to 18 inches into ground every 10' to 12'. Wrap fence material around first
terminal post allowing overlap of one material opening. Use metal tie wire or plastic tie wrap
to fasten material to itself at top, middle and bottom. At final post, cut with utility knife or
scissors at a point halfway across an opening. Wrap around and tie at final post in the same
way as the first post.
D. Use tie wire or tie wrap at intermediate posts and splices as well. Thread ties around a
vertical member of the fence material and the post, and bind tightly against the post. For the
most secure fastening, tie at top, middle and bottom. Overlap splices a minimum of four
fence openings, tie as above, fastening both edges of the fence material splice overlap.
- END OF SECTION -
31037-042102100:05-24-13 02100-3 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
'N*Ifew-
SECTION 02200
EARTHWORK
PART 1 -- GENERAL
1.01 THE REQUIREMENT
A. Furnish all labor, equipment and materials required to complete all work associated with
excavation, including off-site borrow excavation, dewatering, backfill, drainage layers
beneath and around structures, foundation and backfill stone, filter fabric, embankments,
stockpiling topsoil and any excess suitable material in designated areas, in place
compaction of embankments, backfill and subgrades beneath foundations and roadways,
excavation support, disposing from the site all unsuitable materials, providing erosion and
sedimentation control grading, site grading and preparation of pavement and structure
subgrade,and other related and incidental work as required to complete the work shown on
the Drawings and specified herein.
B. All excavations shall be in conformity with the lines, grades, and cross sections shown on
the Drawings or established by the Engineer.
C. It is the intent of this Specification that the Contractor conduct the construction activities in
such a manner that erosion of disturbed areas and off-site sedimentation be absolutely
minimized.
Naar D. All work under this Contract shall be done in conformance with and subject to the limitations
of the latest editions of the Virginia Department of Transportation Road and Bridge
Specifications and the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook.
1.02 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE
A. Requirements of related work are included in Division 1 and Division 2 of these
Specifications.
1.03 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS, CODES, AND STANDARDS
A. Without limiting the generality of the other requirements of the Specifications,all work herein
shall conform to the applicable requirements of the following documents. All referenced
Specifications, codes, and standards refer to the most current issue available at the time of
Bid.
1. Virginia Department of Transportation Road and Bridge Specifications.
2. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM): 0
ASTM C 127 Test for Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate.
ASTM C 136 Test for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates.
ASTM D 422 Particle Size Analysis of Soils.
31037-042102200:05-24-13 02200-1 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
ASTM D 423 Test for Liquid Limit of Soils.
., ASTM D 424 Test for Plastic Limit and Plasticity Index of Soils.
ASTM C 535 Test for Resistance to Degradation of Large Size Coarse
Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine.
ASTM D 698 Standard Method of Test for the Moisture - Density Relations of
Soils Using a 5.5 lb. (2.5 kg) Rammer and a 12-inch (305 mm)
Drop.
ASTM D1556 Test for Density of Soil in Place by the Sand-Cone Method.
ASTM D1557 Test for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils and Soil Aggregate
Mixtures Using 10-lbs. (4.5 kg) Rammer and 18-inch (457 mm)
Drop.
ASTM D2049 Test Method for Relative Density of Cohesionless Soils.
ASTM D2167 Test for Density of Soil in Place by the Rubber-Balloon Method.
ASTM D2216 Test for Laboratory Determination of Water(Moisture)Content of
Soil, Rock, and Soil Aggregate Mixtures.
ASTM D2487 Test for Classification of Soils for Engineering Purposes.
ASTM D2922 Test for Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate in Place by Nuclear
Methods (Shallow Depth).
1.04 SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
A. Information on subsurface conditions is referenced under Division 1, General Requirements.
B. Attention is directed to the fact that there may be water pipes, storm drains and other utilities
located in the area of proposed excavation. Perform all repairs to same in the event that
excavation activities disrupt service.
1.05 SUBMITTALS
A. In accordance with the procedures and requirements set forth in Section 01300-Submittals,
the Contractor shall submit the following:
1. Name and location of all material suppliers.
2. Certificate of compliance with the standards specified above for each source of each
material.
3. List of disposal sites for waste and unsuitable materials and all required permits for
use of those sites.
4. Plans and cross sections of open cut excavations showing side slopes and limits of
� ,.,. the excavation at grade.
31037-042102200:05-24-13 02200-2 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
5. Samples of synthetic filter fabric and reinforced plastic membrane with
manufacturer's certificates or catalog cuts stating the mechanical and physical
properties. Samples shall be at least one (1) foot wide and four(4)feet long taken
across the roll with the warp direction appropriately marked.
6. Construction drawings and structural calculations for any types of excavation support
required. Drawings and calculations shall be sealed by a currently registered
Professional Engineer in the Commonwealth of Virginia.
7. Monitoring plan and pre-construction condition inspection and documentation of all
adjacent structures, utilities, and roadways near proposed installation of excavation
support systems.
8. Dewatering procedures.
1.06 PRODUCT HANDLING
A. Soil and rock material shall be excavated,transported, placed,and stored in a manner so as
to prevent contamination,segregation and excessive wetting. Materials which have become
contaminated or segregated will not be permitted in the performance of the work and shall
be removed from the site.
1.07 USE OF EXPLOSIVES
A. When the use of explosives is necessary for the prosecution of the work, the Contractor
shall exercise the utmost care not to endanger life or property. The Contractor shall be
"` responsible for any and all damage or injury to persons or property resulting from the use of
explosives. Use of explosives shall be in accordance with Specification Section 02202,
Excavation By Blasting.
PART 2 -- PRODUCTS
2.01 SELECT FILL
A. Soils from the excavations meeting requirements stipulated herein with the exceptions of
topsoil and organic material may be used as select fill for backfilling, constructing
embankments, reconstructing existing embankments, and as structural subgrade support.
B. Select fill used for embankment construction shall be a silty or clayey soil material with a
Maximum Liquid Limit (LL) of 50 and a Plasticity Index (PI) between 7 and 20.
C. Select fill used for backfilling shall either be material as described in Paragraph B above or a
granular soil material with a Maximum Plasticity Index (PI) of 6.
D. Regardless of material used as select fill, materials shall be compacted at a moisture
content satisfactory to the Engineer, which shall be approximately that required to produce
the maximum density except that the moisture content shall not be more than 1% below nor
more than 4% above the optimum moisture content for the particular material tested in
accordance with the ASTM D698.
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E. Select fill used as subgrade support shall be a coarse aggregate material meeting the
gradation requirements of #57 or #78 aggregates in accordance with ASTM C-33, or
Aggregate Base Course (ABC) as defined in Section 02207—Aggregate Materials.
F. Where excavated material does not meet requirements for select fill, Contractor shall furnish
off-site borrow material meeting the specified requirements herein. Determination of
whether the borrow material will be paid for as an extra cost will be made based on Article 4
of the General Conditions, as amended by the Supplementary Conditions. When the
excavated material from required excavations is suitable for use as backfill, bedding, or
embankments, but is replaced with off-site borrow material for the Contractor's convenience,
the costs associated with such work and material shall be borne by the Contractor.
2.02 TOPSOIL
A. Topsoil shall be considered the surface layer of soil and sod, suitable for use in seeding and
planting. It shall contain no mixture of refuse or any material toxic to plant growth.
2.03 FOUNDATION DRAINAGE SYSTEMS
A. The Contractor shall provide foundation drainage systems as indicated on the Drawings and
specified herein. The materials and placement shall be as indicated under Section 02712-
Foundation Drainage Systems.
2.04 GEOTEXTILES
A. The Contractor shall provide geotextiles as indicated on the Drawings and specified herein.
The materials and placement shall be as indicated under Section 02274 - Geotextiles.
PART 3 -- EXECUTION
3.01 STRIPPING OF TOPSOIL
A. In all areas to be excavated, filled, paved, or graveled the topsoil shall be stripped to its full
depth and shall be deposited in storage piles on the site, at locations designated by the
Engineer, for subsequent reuse. Topsoil shall be kept separated from other excavated
materials and shall be piled free of roots and other undesirable materials.
3.02 EXCAVATION
A. All material excavated, regardless of its nature or composition, shall be classified as
UNCLASSIFIED EXCAVATION. Excavation shall include the removal of all soil, rock,
weathered rock, rocks of all types, boulders, conduits, pipe, and all other obstacles
encountered and shown to be removed within the limits of excavation shown on the
Drawings or specified herein. The cost of excavation shall be included in the Lump Sum Bid
Price and no additional payment will be made for the removal of obstacles encountered
within the excavation limits shown on the Drawings and specified herein.
B. Where blasting is necessary to perform the required excavations, blasting shall be
performed as stipulated in Section 02202, Excavation By Blasting.
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C. All suitable material removed in the excavation shall be used as far as practicable in the
formation of embankments,subgrades, and shoulders, and at such other places as may be
indicated on the Drawings or indicated by the Engineer. No excavation shall be wasted
except as may be permitted by the Engineer. Refer to the drawings for specific location and
placement of suitable excavated materials in the formation of embankments, backfill, and
structural and roadway foundations. THE ENGINEER WILL DESIGNATE MATERIALS
THAT ARE UNSUITABLE. The Contractor shall furnish off site disposal areas for the
unsuitable material. Where suitable materials containing excessive moisture are
encountered above grade in cuts, the Contractor shall construct above grade ditch drains
prior to the excavation of the cut material when in the opinion of the Engineer such
measures are necessary to provide proper construction.
D. All excavations shall be made in the dry and in such a manner and to such widths as will
give ample room for properly constructing and inspecting the structures and/or piping they
are to contain and for such excavation support, pumping and drainage as may be required.
Excavation shall be made in accordance with the grades and details shown on the Drawings
and as specified herein.
E. Excavation slopes shall be flat enough to avoid slides that will cause disturbance of the
subgrade or damage of adjacent areas. Excavation requirements and slopes shall be as
indicated in the Drawings. The Contractor shall intercept and collect surface runoff both at
the top and bottom of cut slopes. The intersection of slopes with natural ground surfaces,
including the beginning and ending of cut slopes, shall be uniformly rounded as shown on
the Drawings or as may be indicated by the Engineer. Concurrent with the excavation of
cuts the Contractor shall construct intercepting berm ditches or earth berms along and on
top of the cut slopes at locations shown on the Drawings or designated by the Engineer. All
slopes shall be finished to reasonably uniform surfaces acceptable for seeding and mulching
operations. No rock or boulders shall be left in place which protrude more than 1 foot within
the typical section cut slope lines, and all rock cuts shall be cleaned of loose and
overhanging material. All protruding roots and other objectionable vegetation shall be
removed from slopes. The Contractor shall be required to submit plans of open-cut
excavation for review by the Engineer before approval is given to proceed.
F. It is the intent of these Specifications that all structures shall bear on an aggregate base,
crushed stone or screened gravel bedding placed to the thickness shown on the Drawings,
specified in these Specifications, or not less than 6-inches. Bedding for process piping shall
be as specified in Section 15000 - Basic Mechanical Requirements, or as shown on the
Drawings.
G. The bottom of all excavations for structures and pipes shall be examined by the Engineer for
bearing value and the presence of unsuitable material. If, in the opinion of the Engineer,
additional excavation is required due to the low bearing value of the subgrade material, or if
the in-place soils are soft, yielding, pumping and wet, the Contractor shall remove such
material to the required width and depth and replace it with thoroughly compacted select fill,
and/or crushed stone or screened gravel as indicated by the Engineer. Payment for such
additional work ordered by the Engineer shall be made as an extra by a Change Order in
accordance with the General Conditions and Division 1. No payment will be made for
subgrade disturbance caused by inadequate dewatering or improper construction methods.
H. All cuts shall be brought to the grade and cross section shown on the Drawings, or
established by the Engineer, prior to final inspection and acceptance by the Engineer.
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I. Slides and overbreaks which occur due to negligence, carelessness or improper
construction techniques on the part of the Contractor shall be removed and disposed of by
the Contractor as indicated by the Engineer at no additional cost to the Owner. If grading
operations are suspended for any reason whatsoever, partially completed cut and fill slopes
shall be brought to the required slope and the work of seeding and mulching or other
required erosion and sedimentation control operations shall be performed.
J. Where the excavation exposes sludge, sludge contaminated soil or other odorous materials,
the Contractor shall cover such material at the end of each workday with a minimum of
6-inches and a maximum of 24-inches of clean fill. The work shall be an odor abatement
measure and the material shall be placed to the depth deemed satisfactory by the Engineer
for this purpose.
3.03 EXCAVATION SUPPORT
A. The Contractor shall furnish, place, and maintain such excavation support which may be
required to support sides of excavation or to protect pipes and structures from possible
damage and to provide safe working conditions. If the Engineer is of the opinion that at any
point sufficient or proper supports have not been provided, he may order additional supports
put in at the expense of the Contractor. The Contractor shall be responsible for the
adequacy of all supports used and for all damage resulting from failure of support system or
from placing, maintaining and removing it.
B. Selection of and design of any proposed excavation support systems is exclusively the
responsibility of the Contractor. Contractor shall submit drawings and calculations on
proposed systems sealed by a Professional Engineer currently registered in the State of
Virginia.
C. The Contractor shall exercise caution in the installation and removal of supports to insure
that excessive or unusual loadings are not transmitted to any new or existing structure. The
Contractor shall promptly repair at his expense any and all damage that can be reasonably
attributed to installation or removal of excavation support system.
D. Contractor shall monitor movement in the excavation support systems as well as movement
at adjacent structures, utilities and roadways near excavation supports. Contractor shall
submit a monitoring plan developed by the excavation support design engineer. All pre-
construction condition assessment and documentation of adjacent structures on-site and off-
site shall be performed by the Contractor. If any sign of distress such as cracking or
movement occurs in any adjacent structure, utility or roadway during installation of supports,
subsequent excavation, service period of supports, subsequent backfill and construction,or
removal of supports, Engineer shall be notified immediately. Contractor shall be exclusively
responsible for any damage to any roadway, structure, utility, pipes,etc. both on-site and off-
site, as a result of his operations.
E. All excavation supports shall be removed upon completion of the work except as indicated
herein. The Engineer may permit supports to be left in place at the request and expense of
the Contractor. The Engineer may order certain supports left permanently in place in
addition to that required by the Contract. The cost of the materials so ordered left in place,
less a reasonable amount for the eliminated expense of the removal work omitted, will be
paid as an extra by a Change Order in accordance with the General Conditions and Division
1. Any excavation supports left in place shall be cut off at least two (2) feet below the
finished ground surface or as directed by the Engineer.
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3.04 PROTECTION OF SUBGRADE
A. To minimize the disturbance of bearing materials and provide a firm foundation, the
Contractor shall comply with the following requirements:
1. Use of heavy rubber-tired construction equipment shall not be permitted on the final
subgrade unless it can be demonstrated that drawdown of groundwater throughout
the entire area of the structure is at least 3 feet below the bottom of the excavation
(subgrade). Even then, the use of such equipment shall be prohibited should
subgrade disturbance result from concentrated wheel loads.
2. Subgrade soils disturbed through the operations of the Contractor shall be
excavated and replaced with compacted select fill or crushed stone at the
Contractor's expense as indicated by the Engineer.
3. The Contractor shall provide positive protection against penetration of frost into
materials below the bearing level during work in winter months. This protection can
consist of a temporary blanket of straw or salt hay covered with a plastic membrane
or other acceptable means.
3.05 PROOFROLLING
A. The subgrade of all structures and all areas that will support pavements or select fill shall be
proofrolled. After stripping of topsoil, excavation to subgrade and prior to placement of fills,
the exposed subgrade shall be carefully inspected by probing and testing as needed. Any
topsoil or other organic material still in place, frozen, wet, soft, or loose soil, and other
undesirable materials shall be removed. The exposed subgrade shall be proofrolled with a
heavily loaded tandem-wheeled dump truck to check for pockets of soft material hidden
beneath a thin crust of better soil. Any unsuitable materials thus exposed shall be removed
and replaced with an approved compacted material.
3.06 EMBANKMENTS
A. The Contractor shall perform the construction of embankments in such a manner that cut
and fill slopes will be completed to final slopes and grade in a continuous operation. The
operation of removing excavation material from any cut and the placement of embankment
in any fill shall be a continuous operation to completion unless otherwise permitted by the
Engineer.
B. Surfaces upon which embankments are to be constructed shall be stripped of topsoil,
organic material, rubbish and other extraneous materials. After stripping and prior to placing
embankment material, the Contractor shall compact the top 12-inches of in place soil as
specified under Paragraph 3.09, COMPACTION.
C. Any soft or unsuitable materials revealed before or during the in place compaction shall be
removed as indicated by the Engineer and replaced with select fill.
D. Ground surfaces on which embankment is to be placed, shall be scarified or stepped in a
manner which will permit bonding of the embankment with the existing surface. The
embankment soils shall be as specified under Part 2-Products, and shall be deposited and
spread in successive, uniform, approximately horizontal layers not exceeding 8-inches in
31037-042102200:05-24-13 02200-7 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
compacted depth for the full width of the cross section, and shall be kept approximately level
by the use of effective spreading equipment. Hauling shall be distributed over the full width
of the embankment, and in no case will deep ruts be allowed to form during the construction
of the embankment. The embankment shall be properly drained at all times. Each layer of
the embankment shall be thoroughly compacted to the density specified under
Paragraph 3.09, COMPACTION.
E. The embankment or fill material in the layers shall be of the proper moisture content before
rolling to obtain the prescribed compaction. Wetting or drying of the material and
manipulation when necessary to secure a uniform moisture content throughout the layer
shall be required. Should the material be too wet to permit proper compaction or rolling, all
work on all portions of the embankment thus affected shall be delayed until the material has
dried to the required moisture content. Samples of all embankment materials for testing,
both before and after placement and compaction, will be taken at frequent intervals. From
these tests, corrections, adjustments,and modifications of methods, materials,and moisture
content will be made to construct the embankment.
F. Where embankments are to be placed and compacted on hillsides, or when new
embankment is to be compacted against embankments, or when embankment is built in part
widths,the slopes that are steeper than 4:1 shall be loosened or plowed to a minimum depth
of 6 inches or, if in the opinion of the Engineer, the nature of the ground is such that greater
precautions should be taken to bind the fill to the original ground then benches shall be cut
in the existing ground as indicated by Engineer.
G. When rock and other embankment material are excavated at approximately the same time,
the rock shall be incorporated into the outer portions of the embankments and the other
material which meets the requirements for select fill shall be incorporated into the formation
of the embankments. Stones or fragmentary rock larger than 4-inches in their greatest
dimension will not be allowed within the top 6-inches of the final grade. Stones,fragmentary
rock, or boulders larger than 12-inches in their greatest dimension will not be allowed in any
portions of embankments and shall be disposed of by the Contractor as indicated by the
Engineer. When rock fragments or stone are used in embankments, the material shall be
brought up in layers as specified or directed and every effort shall be exerted to fill the voids
with finer material to form a dense, compact mass which meets the densities specified for
embankment compaction.
3.07 BACKFILLING
A. All structures and pipes shall be backfilled with the type of materials shown on the Drawings
and specified herein. Select fill shall be deposited in successive, uniform, approximately
horizontal layers not exceeding 8-inches in compacted depth for the full width. Stones or
fragmentary rock larger than 4-inches in their greatest dimension will not be allowed within
the top 6-inches of the ground nor within 6 inches of pipes. No stone or fragmentary rock
larger than 12-inches in their greatest dimension will be allowed for any portion of backfill.
Compaction shall be in accordance with the requirements of Paragraph 3.09,
COMPACTION.
B. Where excavation support is used, the Contractor shall take all reasonable measures to
prevent loss of support beneath and adjacent to pipes and existing structures when supports
are removed. If significant volumes of soil cannot be prevented from clinging to the
extracted supports, the voids shall be continuously backfilled as rapidly as possible. The
Contractor shall thereafter limit the depth below subgrade that supports will be installed in
similar soil conditions or employ other appropriate means to prevent loss of support.
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3.08 COMPACTION
A. The Contractor shall compact embankments, backfill, crushed stone,aggregate base,and in
place subgrade in accordance with the requirements of this Section. The densities specified
herein refer to percentages of maximum density as determined by the noted test methods.
Compaction of materials on the project shall be in accordance with the following schedule:
Density % Density % Max. Lift Thickness
Std. Proctor Mod. Proctor as Compacted
(D698) (D1557) Inches
Embankments Beneath Structures* 98 95 8
Other Embankments 95 92 8
Backfill Around Structures 95 92 8
Backfill in Pipe Trenches 95 92 8
Crushed Stone Beneath Structures ** ** 12
Select Sand -- 98 8
Aggregate Base Course (ABC) -- 98 8
Beneath Pavements and Structures
Crushed Stone Backfill ** ** 12
Crushed Stone Pipe Bedding ** **Novo-
In In place Subgrade Beneath Structures 98 95 Top 12-inches
* Embankments beneath structures shall be considered to include a zone 10 feet out
from the foundation of the structure extending down to the natural ground on a 45°
slope.
** The aggregate shall be compacted to a degree acceptable to the Engineer by use of
a vibratory compactor and/or crawler tractor.
B. Field density tests will be made by the Engineer to determine if the specified densities have
been achieved, and these tests shall be the basis for accepting or rejecting the compaction.
In-place density tests will be performed in accordance with ASTM D 1556,ASTM D 2167,or
ASTM D 2922. The Engineer will be the sole judge as to which test method will be the most
appropriate. Failure to achieve the specified densities shall require the Contractor to
re-compact the material or remove it as required. The Contractor shall, if necessary,
increase his compactive effort by increasing the number of passes, using heavier or more
suitable compaction equipment, or by reducing the thickness of the layers. The Contractor
shall adjust the moisture contents of the soils to bring them within the optimum range by
drying them or adding water as required.
C. Testing will be performed as frequently as deemed necessary by the Engineer. As a
minimum, one in-place density test shall be performed for each 1000 cubic yards of
embankment placed and 500 cubic yards of backfill placed or one test performed each day
,, for either.
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3.9 REMOVAL OF EXCESS AND UNSUITABLE MATERIALS
A. The Contractor shall remove and dispose of off-site all unsuitable materials. Within thirty
(30) consecutive days after Notice to Proceed, the Contractor shall submit to the Engineer
for review all required permits and a list of disposal sites for the unsuitable materials. If the
disposal site is located on private property, the submittal shall also include written
permission from the owner of record.
B. All unsuitable materials shall be disposed of in locations and under conditions that comply
with federal, state and local laws and regulations.
C. The Contractor shall obtain an off-site disposal area prior to beginning demolition or
excavation operations.
D. All excess and unsuitable materials shall be hauled in trucks of sufficient capacity and tight
construction to prevent spillage. Trucks shall be covered to prevent the propagation of dust.
E. When all excess and unsuitable material disposal operations are completed,the Contractor
shall leave the disposal sites in a condition acceptable to the Owner and Owner(s) of the
disposal site(s).
3.10 BORROW EXCAVATION
A. Description
The work covered by this section consists of the excavation of approved material from
borrow sources and the hauling and utilization of such material as required on the Drawings
or directed by the Engineer. It shall also include the removing,stockpiling,and replacement
of topsoil on the borrow source; the satisfactory disposition of material from the borrow
source which is not suitable for use; and the satisfactory restoration of the borrow source
and haul roads to an acceptable condition upon completion of the work.
Borrow excavation shall not be used before all available suitable unclassified excavation has
been used for backfill and incorporated into the embankments.
B. Coordination with Seeding Operations
The Contractor shall coordinate the work covered by this section with the construction of
embankments so that the requirements of Section 02200 are met.
C. Materials
All material shall meet the requirements of Division 2 shown below:
Borrow Material Section 02200, Subsection 2.01 - Select Fill
D. Construction Methods
1. General
The surface of the borrow area shall be thoroughly cleared and grubbed and
cleaned of all unsuitable material including all organics, topsoil, etc., before
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beginning the excavation. Disposal of material resulting from clearing and grubbing
shall be in accordance with Section 02100.
Each borrow operation shall not be allowed to accumulate exposed, erodible slope
area in excess of 1 acre at any one given time without the Contractor's beginning
permanent seeding and mulching of the borrow source or other erosion control
measures as may be approved by the Engineer.
The topsoil shall be removed and stockpiled at locations that will not interfere with
the borrow operations and that meet the approval of the Engineer. Temporary
erosion control measures shall be installed as may be necessary to prevent the
erosion of the stockpile material. Once all borrow has been removed from the
source or portion thereof, the stockpiled topsoil shall be spread uniformly over the
source.
Where it is necessary to haul borrow material over existing roads, the Contractor
shall use all necessary precautions to prevent damage to the existing roads. The
Contractor shall also conduct his hauling operations in such a manner as to not
interfere with the normal flow of traffic and shall keep the traffic lanes free from
spillage at all times.
2. Owner Furnished Sources
Where borrow sources are furnished by the Owner the location of such sources will
be as designated on the Drawings or as directed by the Engineer.
The Owner will furnish the necessary haul road right-of-way at locations designated
by the Engineer. All haul roads required shall be built, maintained, and when
directed by the Engineer, obliterated, at no cost to the Owner. Where the haul road
is to be reclaimed for cultivation the Contractor shall plow or scarify the area to a
minimum depth of 8 inches.
The borrow sources shall be left in a neat and presentable condition after use. All
slopes shall be smoothed, rounded, and constructed not steeper than 3:1. Where
the source is to be reclaimed for cultivation the source shall be plowed or scarified to
a minimum depth of 8 inches, disc harrowed, and terraces constructed. The source
shall be graded to drain such that no water will collect or stand and a functioning
drainage system shall be provided.
All sources shall be seeded and mulched in accordance with Section 02910.
3. Contractor Furnished Sources
Prior to the approval of any off-site borrow source(s) developed for use on this
project, the Contractor shall obtain certification from the State Historic Preservation
Officer of the State Department of Cultural Resources certifying that the removal of
the borrow material from the borrow source(s) will have no effect on any known
district, site building, structure, or object that is included or eligible for inclusion in the
National Register of Historic Places. A copy of this certification shall be furnished to
the Engineer prior to performing any work on the proposed borrow source.
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The approval of borrow sources furnished by the Contractor shall be subject to the
following conditions:
a. The Contractor shall be responsible for acquiring the right to take the
material and any rights of access that may be necessary; for locating and
developing the source; and any clearing and grubbing and drainage ditches
necessary.
Such right shall be in writing and shall include an agreement with the Owner
that the borrow source may be dressed, shaped, seeded, mulched, and
drained as required by these Specifications after all borrow has been
removed.
b. Except where borrow is to be obtained from a commercial source, the
Contractor and the property owner shall jointly submit a borrow source
development, use, and reclamation plan to the Engineer for his approval
prior to engaging in any land disturbing activity on the proposed source other
than material sampling that may be necessary. The Contractor's plan shall
address the following:
1) Drainage
The source shall be graded to drain such that no water will collect or
stand and a functioning drainage system shall be provided. If
drainage is not practical, and the source is to serve as a pond, the
minimum average depth below the water table shall be 4 feet or the
source graded so as to create wetlands as appropriate.
2) Slopes
The source shall be dressed and shaped in a continuous manner to
contours which are comparable to and blend in with the adjacent
topography, but in no case will slopes steeper than 3:1 be permitted.
3) Erosion Control
The plan shall address the temporary and permanent measures that
the Contractor intends to employ during use of the source and as a
part of the reclamation. The Contractor's plan shall provide for the
use of staged permanent seeding and mulching on a continual basis
while the source is in use and the immediate total reclamation of the
source when no longer needed.
4. Maintenance
During construction and until final acceptance the Contractor shall use any
methods approved by the Engineer which are necessary to maintain the
work covered by this section so that the work will not contribute to excessive
soil erosion.
- END OF SECTION -
31037-042102200:05-24-13 02200-12 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
SECTION 02207
AGGREGATE MATERIALS
PART 1 -- GENERAL
1.01 THE REQUIREMENT
A. The Contractor shall furnish all labor,equipment and materials required to complete all work
associated with the installation of aggregate material beneath foundations,as backfill and as
roadway subgrades and other related and incidental work as required to complete the work
shown on the Drawings and specified herein.
1.02 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE
A. Section 01090 - Reference Standards
B. Section 02200 - Earthwork
C. Section 02276 - Erosion and Sedimentation Control
D. Section 02510 - Paving and Surfacing
E. Section 02712 - Foundation Drainage Systems
F. Section 02910 - Final Grading and Landscaping
1.03 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS
A. Without limiting the generality of the other requirements of the Specifications,all work herein
shall conform to the applicable requirements of the following documents. All referenced
specifications, codes, and standards refer to the most current issue available at the time of
Bid.
1. Virginia Department of Transportation (VDOT), Road and Bridge Specifications.
2. ASTM C 127 Test for Specific Gravity and Absorption of Coarse Aggregate.
3. ASTM C 136 Test for Sieve Analysis of Fine and Coarse Aggregates.
4. ASTM C 535 Test for Resistance to Degradation of Large Size Coarse
Aggregate by Abrasion and Impact in the Los Angeles Machine.
1.04 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01300, Submittals.
1. Materials gradation and certification.
2. ASTM C127, ASTM C136, and ASTM C535 test results
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PART 2 -- PRODUCTS
2.01 CRUSHED STONE, SCREENED GRAVEL and AGGREGATE BASE COURSE (ABC)
A. Crushed stone or screened gravel shall meet the requirements of Aggregate Standard Size
No. 57 or No. 67 as defined by VDOT Road and Bridge Specifications Sections 203 —
Coarse Aggregate, 205 — Crusher Run Aggregate Size No, and 309 — Aggregate Base
Course Size No. 21A or 22, respectively.
B. ABC shall meet the requirements of ABC as defined by VDOT Road and Bridge
Specifications.
2.02 SELECT SAND
A. Select sand shall meet the requirements of Sections 1005 and 1014 of the NCDOT
Standard Specifications for materials and gradation. The size used shall be Standard Size
No. 2S or 2MS as listed and defined in Table 1005-2, "Aggregate Gradation", of the VDOT
Specifications.
PART 3 -- EXECUTION
3.01 CRUSHED STONE, SCREENED GRAVEL AND AGGREGATE BASE COURSE (ABC)
A. Contractor shall install crushed stone, screened gravel and ABC in accordance with the
VDOT Road and Bridge Specifications and as shown on the Drawings and indicated in the
Contract Documents.
1. Unless otherwise stated herein or shown on the Drawings, all mat foundations
(bottom slabs)for the proposed structures shall have a blanket of crushed stone or
ABC 6-inches thick minimum placed directly beneath the proposed mat. The blanket
shall extend a minimum of 12 inches beyond the extremities of the mat.
2. For subgrade preparation at structures and structural fill, the foundation material
shall be ABC where specifically specified on Drawings, otherwise, crushed stone or
screened gravel shall be used.
3. For ground under drains, pipe bedding, and drainage layers beneath structures the
coarse aggregate shall meet the requirements of aggregate standard Size No.57 or
No. 67, as defined by VDOT Specifications.
3.02 SELECT SAND
A. Contractor shall install select sand in accordance with the VDOT Specifications and as
shown on the Drawings and indicated in the Contract Documents.
- END OF SECTION -
31037-042102207:05-24-13 02207-2 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
SECTION'saw, EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL
PART 1 -- GENERAL
1.01 THE REQUIREMENTS
A. The Contractor shall employ a Responsible Land Disturber certified in the Commonwealth of
Virginia who is responsible for implementing Best Management Practices(BMP's)to prevent
and minimize erosion and resultant sedimentation in all cleared and grubbed areas during
and after construction. This item covers the Work necessary for the installation of structure
and measures for the prevention and control of soil erosion. The Contractor shall furnish all
material, labor and equipment necessary for the proper installation, maintenance,inspection,
monitoring, reporting, and removal (where applicable) of erosion prevention and control
measures and to cause compliance with the General Virginia Pollutant Discharge
Elimination System (VPDES) Permit Regulation for Discharges of Storm Water From
Construction Activities (9 VAC 25-180) and VPDES General Permit No. VAR10 under this
Section.
B. All excavations shall be in conformity with the lines, grades, and cross sections shown on
the Drawings or established by the Engineer.
C. It is the intent of this Specification that the Contractor conduct the construction activities in
such a manner that erosion of disturbed areas and off site sedimentation be absolutely
minimized.
D. All Work under this Contract shall be done in conformance with and subject to the limitations
of the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook (VESCH) and the Virginia Erosion
and Sediment Control Law, Regulations and Certification Regulations, as adopted in the
Code of Virginia Title 10-1, Chapter 5,Article 4 and Sections 4VAC30-50 and 4VAC50-50 of
the Virginia Administration Code.
E. The Contractor shall comply with all applicable minimum standards set in the Virginia
Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook. The following excerpts from the VESCH Minimum
Standards are particularly important:
1. Permanent or temporary soil stabilization shall be applied to denuded areas within
seven days after final grade is reached on any portion of the site. Temporary soil
stabilization shall be applied within seven days to denuded areas that may not be at
final grade but will remain dormant (undisturbed) for longer than 30 days.
Permanent stabilization shall be applied to areas that are to be left dormant for more
than one year.
2. A permanent vegetative cover shall be established on denuded areas not otherwise
permanently stabilized. Permanent vegetation shall not be considered established
until a ground cover is achieved that, in the opinion of the local program
administrator or his designated agent, is uniform, mature enough to survive and will
inhibit erosion.
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3. Stabilization measures shall be applied to earthen structures such as dams, dikes
and diversions immediately after installation.
4. All temporary erosion and sediment control measures shall be removed within 30
days after final site stabilization or after the temporary measures are no longer
needed, unless otherwise authorized by the local program administrator. Trapped
sediment and the disturbed soil areas resulting from the deposition of temporary
measures shall be permanently stabilized to prevent further erosion and
sedimentation.
F. Due to the nature of the Work required by this Contract, it is anticipated that the location and
nature of the erosion and sedimentation control devices will be adjusted on several
occasions to reflect the current phase of construction. The construction schedule adopted
by the Contractor will impact the placement and need for specific devices required for the
control of erosion. The Contractor shall develop and implement such additional techniques
as may be required to minimize erosion and off-site sedimentation. The location and extent
of erosion and sedimentation control devices shall be revised at each phase of construction
that results in a change in either the quantity or direction of surface runoff from constructed
areas. All deviations from the erosion and sedimentation control provisions shown on the
Drawings shall have the prior acceptance of the Engineer.
1.02 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE
A. Section 02100—Clearing, Grubbing, and Site Preparation
B. Section 02200—Earthwork
C. Section 02910— Final Grading and Landscaping
1.03 REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS, CODES AND STANDARDS
A. Without limiting the generality of other requirements of these specifications, all Work
hereunder shall conform to the applicable requirements of the referenced portions of the
following documents, to the extent that the requirements therein are not in conflict with the
provisions of this Section.
1. Code of Virginia, Title 10.1, Chapter 5, Article 4
2. Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook (VESCH), latest edition.
3. General Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System(VPDES)Permit Regulation
for Discharges of Storm Water From Construction Activities (9 VAC 25-180) and
VPDES General Permit No. VAR10.
4. Erosion and Sediment Control Plan as required by the VPDES Permit.
5. Maintenance and Inspection Procedures as required by the VPDES Permit
B. See Specification Section 01090 - Reference Standards.
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1.04 REGULATORY COMPLIANCE
A. Land disturbance activities are not authorized to begin until after all required erosion and
sediment control permits are obtained from the United States, Commonwealth of Virginia,
and Albemarle County. Contractor is the Co-Primary Permittee and Operator under the
provisions of the VPDES Permit. As such, Contractor will be required to sign certain
certifications as described in the VPDES Permit. Contractor shall comply with requirements
specified in the Contract Documents or by the Engineer. Contractor shall also comply with
all other laws, rules, regulations, ordinances and requirements concerning soil erosion and
sediment control established in the United States, the Commonwealth of Virginia, and
Albemarle County. The following documents and the documents referenced therein define
the regulatory requirements for this Section 02276.
1. VPDES PERMIT: The Virginia Pollution Discharge Elimination System (VPDES)
General Permit(VAR 10) for Discharges of Storm Water from Construction Activity
governs land disturbance or construction activities of one (1) acre or more. On
applicable sites, Contractor is responsible for complying with terms and conditions of
this permit.
2. Manual for Erosion and Sediment Control: Contractor shall follow Practices and
Standards of the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook(VESCH), Third
Edition, or latest.
3. SWP3: When a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWP3) is provided in the
Contract Documents, the Contractor shall follow the practices described in the
SWP3. (See the Appendix for the SWP3, if applicable.)
1.05 SUBMITTALS
A. Prior to the start of the Work,the Contractor shall prepare and submit a plan for applying the
temporary and permanent erosion and siltation control measures as shown on the Owner's
approved Erosion and Sediment Control Plan. Construction Work shall not commence until
the schedule of Work and the methods of operations have been reviewed and approved.
B. In accordance with the procedures and requirements set forth in the General Conditions
Division 1 and Section 01300, the Contractor shall submit the following:
1. Name and location of all material suppliers.
2. Certificate of compliance with the standards specified above for each source of each
material.
3. List of disposal sites for waste and unsuitable materials and all required permits for
use of those sites.
1.06 EROSION AND SEDIMENTATION CONTROL DEVICES
A. The following erosion and sedimentation control devices shall be incorporated into the Work.
Other devices, as necessary and acceptable to the Engineer shall be installed as required.
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1. Temporary Sediment Traps shall be constructed at the locations shown on the
Drawings, at the termination of all Temporary Diversions diverting sediment laden
**ow, runoff, and at other locations indicated by the Engineer. Temporary Sediment Traps
shall be constructed by excavating the appropriate size rectangular basin and
constructing a rock-fill dam on the discharge end to form a sediment trap.Temporary
Sediment Traps shall be spaced to limit the maximum tributary drainage area to less
than or equal to 3 acres. Temporary Sediment Traps shall be designed, installed
and maintained in accordance with the requirements of Section 3.13 of the VESCH.
2. Temporary Diversions shall be constructed at the locations shown on the Drawings,
and at other locations indicated by the Engineer. Dimensions shall be as shown on
the Drawings. All diversion ditches transporting sediment-laden runoff shall
terminate in Temporary Sediment Traps. Temporary Diversions shall be designed,
installed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of Section 3.12 of the
VESCH.
3. Silt Fence shall be constructed at the locations shown on the Drawings, and at other
locations indicated by the Engineer. Silt fence shall not be installed across streams,
ditches or waterways. Silt Fence shall be designed, installed and maintained in
accordance with requirements of Section 3.05 of the VESCH.
4. Rock Check Dams shall be constructed at the locations shown on the Drawings,and
at other locations indicated by the Engineer. Dimensions shall be as shown on the
Drawings. Rock Check Dams shall be designed, installed and maintained in
accordance with the requirements of Section 3.20 of the VESCH.
5. Block and Gravel Drop Inlet Sediment Filters shall be constructed at the locations
shown on the Drawings, and at other locations indicated by the Engineer.
Dimensions shall be as shown on the Drawings. Block and Gravel Drop Inlet
Sediment Filters shall be designed, installed and maintained in accordance with the
requirements of Section 3.07 of the VESCH.
6. Block and Gravel Curb Inlet Sediment Filters shall be constructed at the locations
shown on the Drawings, and at other locations indicated by the Engineer. Gravel
Curb Inlet Sediment Filters shall be designed, installed and maintained in
accordance with the requirements of Section 3.07 of the VESCH.
7. Culvert Inlet Protection shall be constructed at the locations shown on the Drawings,
and at other locations indicated by the Engineer. Culvert Inlet Protection shall be
designed, installed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of Section
3.08 of the VESCH.
8. Temporary and Permanent Stormwater Conveyance Channels shall be installed at
the locations shown on the Drawings, and at other locations indicated by the
Engineer. Channels and Channel Linings shall be designed, installed and
maintained in accordance with the requirements of Sections 3.17 and 3.36 of the
VESCH.
9. Riprap Outlet Protection shall be constructed at the locations shown on the Drawings
and at other locations indicated by the Engineer. All Riprap Outlet Protection shall
be designed, installed and maintained in accordance with the requirements of
Sections 3.18 and 3.19 of the VESCH.
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10. Temporary Construction Entrances shall be located at points where vehicles enter
•- and leave a construction site and at other locations indicated by the Engineer.
Temporary Construction Entrances shall be designed, installed and maintained in
accordance with the requirements of Section 3.02 of the VESCH.
1.07 GUARANTEE
A. All restoration and revegetation Work shall be subject to the one-year guarantee period of
the Contract as specified in the General Conditions.
PART 2 -- MATERIALS
2.01 MATERIALS
A. Materials for use in erosion and sedimentation control devices shall be in accordance with
the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook.
2.02 TEMPORARY SEDIMENT TRAPS
A. Temporary Sediment Traps shall be constructed as shown on the Contract Drawings and as
specified herein. The Temporary Sediment Traps shall be constructed and maintained in
accordance with Part 3 of this Section, and Section 3.13 of the VESCH,to the satisfaction of
the Engineer and/or local program administrator until a vegetative ground cover has been
established. The cost of the Temporary Sediment Traps shall include the excavation,
grading, diversion ditches, stone for erosion control, washed stone, geotextile, etc. and all
maintenance activities required.
2.03 TEMPORARY DIVERSIONS
A. Temporary Diversions shall be constructed as shown on the Contract Drawings and as
specified herein. Temporary Diversions shall be installed and maintained in accordance with
Part 3 of this Section, and Section 3.12 of the VESCH, to the satisfaction of the Engineer
and/or local program administrator until the site has been stabilized. The cost of Temporary
Diversions shall include the excavation and all maintenance and restoration activities
required.
2.04 SILT FENCE
A. Silt Fence shall be installed and maintained in accordance with the Maintenance paragraph,
and Section 3.05 of the VESCH, to the satisfaction of the Engineer until the site has been
stabilized. The cost of Silt Fence shall include the fabric, posts,wire fabric, excavation and
all maintenance and restoration activities required.
B. Silt Fence shall be a woven geotextile filter fabric made specifically for sediment control.
Filter fabric shall not rot when buried and shall resist attack from soil chemicals, alkalies and
acids in the pH range from 2 to 13, and shall resist damage due to prolonged ultraviolet
exposure. Filter fabric shall be Type FX-11, as manufactured by Carthage Mills, Type
910SC, as manufactured by Synthetic Industries, Inc., Amoco 2130 as manufactured by
Amoco Fabrics & Fibers Co.
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C. Filter fabric for the silt fence shall have the following minimum properties:
Value Test Method
Grab Tensile Strength 100 lbs ASTM D 4632
Grab Elongation 15% ASTM D 4632
Trapezoid Tear Strength 50 lbs ASTM D 4533
Mullen Burst Strength 265 lbs ASTM D 3786
Puncture Strength 58 lbs ASTM D 4833
Retained Strength
(500 hrs. accelerated
UV exposure) 80% ASTM D 4355
Filtration Efficiency 75% VTM-51
Flow Rate 10/gal/min/ft.2 ASTM D 4491
Height 36 inches
D. Posts for silt fence shall be steel and shall have the following properties:
ASTM Designation: ASTM A702
Length: 5-Feet Long (T-Type)
Weight: 1.25 lbs/foot (min.)
Area of Anchor Plate: 14 Sq. In.
Note: Five (T) Fasteners shall be furnished with each post.
E. Wire Fabric for the silt fence shall have the following properties:
Wire Fabric Designation: 832-12-10-12.5 Class 1
Designation: ASTM A116
Width: 32"
Number of Line Wires: 8
Stay Wire Spacing: 12"
Line and Stay Wires: 12.5 Ga.
Top and Bottom Wires: 10 Ga.
Wire Coating: ASTM Class 1 Zinc Coating
2.05 RIP RAP
A. The Contractor shall place rip rap as shown on the Drawings and as specified in Section 414
of the VDOT Road and Bridge Specifications. The stone for rip rap shall consist of field
stone or rough unhewn quarry stone. The stone shall be sound, durable, and free from
seams, cracks, or other structural defects. The rip rap shall be as specified on the
Drawings.
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2.06 CULVERT INLET PROTECTION
A. Culvert Inlet Protection shall be constructed as shown on the Drawings and as specified
herein. The culvert inlet protection shall be constructed at the upstream end of all culverts
as indicated and maintained in accordance with Part 3 of this Section, and Section 3.08 of
the VESCH,to the satisfaction of the Engineer until the site has been stabilized. The cost of
the culvert inlet protection shall include the excavation, grading, stone for erosion control,
riprap, etc. and all maintenance activities required.
2.07 STRAW WITH NET TEMPORARY SOIL STABILIZATION BLANKET (SSB)
A. The Contractor shall place straw with net temporary channel and slope SSB as shown on
the Drawings. The blanket shall consist of clean wheat straw from agricultural crops made
into a knitted straw blanket that is machine assembled. The straw shall be evenly distributed
throughout the blanket. The blanket shall be covered with a photodegradable synthetic
mesh attached to the straw with degradable thread.
B. The Contractor shall place the straw with net temporary channel and slope SSB where
directed immediately after the channel or slope has been properly graded and prepared,
fertilized, and seeded. The netting shall be on top with the straw in contact with the soil.
C. The Contractor will immediately repair or replaced section of straw with net temporary
channel and slope SSB which is not functioning properly or has been damaged in any way
until a stable growth of grass has been established.
D. Straw with net SSB shall be North American Green S150 matting,American Excelsior Co.,
Curlex I, Contech SFB1, or equal with a minimum shear stress value of 1.50 lb./ft.2
2.08 CURLED WOOD OR COCONUT FIBER TEMPORARY SOIL STABILIZATION BLANKET
(SSB)
A. The Contractor shall place curled wood or coconut fiber channel and slope SSB in channels
or on slopes as shown on the Drawings. The blanket shall consist of machine-produced mat
of curled wood excelsior or coconut fiber with consistent thickness and the fibers evenly
distributed over the entire area of the blanket. The top of the blanket shall be covered with a
biodegradable synthetic mesh. The mesh shall be attached to the curled wood excelsior or
coconut fiber with photodegradable synthetic yarn.
B. The Contractor shall place the curled wood or coconut fiber channel and slope SSB where
directed immediately after the ditch has been properly graded and prepared, fertilized, and
seeded. The mesh shall be on top with the fibers in contact with the soil.
C. The Contractor will immediately repair or replace section of blanket which is not functioning
properly or has been damaged in any way until a stable growth of grass has been
established.
D. Blanket shall be American Excelsior Curlex II, North American Green C125, Contech EFB4
or equal matting with a minimum shear stress value of 2.0 lb./ft.2.
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2.09 SYNTHETIC SOIL STABILIZATION MATTING (SSM)
A. The Contractor shall place synthetic channel and slope SSM in channel or on slope as
shown on the Drawings. The mat shall consist of entangled nylon, polypropylene or
polyester monofilaments mechanically joined at their intersections forming a three
dimensional structure. The mat shall be crush-resistant, pliable, water-permeable, and
highly resistant to chemical and environmental degradation.
B. The Contractor shall place the synthetic SSM where directed immediately after the channel
or slope has been properly graded and prepared.
C. After the SSM has been placed,the area shall be properly fertilized and seeded as specified
allowing the fertilizer and seeds to drop through the net.
D. The Contractor will immediately repair or replace section of SSM which is not functioning
properly or has been damaged in any way until a stable growth of grass has been
established.
E. Synthetic SSM shall be Enkamat 7020 as manufactured by Colband Geosynthetics,
Synthetic Industries Landlock Erosion Mat TRM 1060, TH8 as manufactured by TC Mirifi,or
equal matting with a minimum shear stress value of 5.0 lb./ft.2.
2.10 TEMPORARY GRAVEL CONSTRUCTION ENTRANCES
A. Temporary gravel construction entrances shall be constructed as shown on the Drawings
and as specified herein. Temporary gravel construction entrances shall be maintained in
accordance with Part 3 of this Section, and Section 3.02 of the VESCH,to the satisfaction of
the Engineer until the site has been stabilized. The cost of temporary gravel construction
entrances shall include the gravel, truck wash racks and washwater, etc. and all
maintenance activities required.
2.11 TEMPORARY SOIL STABILIZER
A. The temporary agent for soil erosion control shall consist of an especially prepared highly
concentrated powder which,when mixed with water,forms a thick liquid such as"Enviroseal
2001"by Enviroseal Corporation, "Terra Control"by Quattro Environmental, Inc.,or"CHEM-
CRETE ECO-110" by International CHEM-CRETE Corporation, and having no growth or
germination inhibiting factors. The agent shall be used for hydroseeding grass seed in
combination with other approved amendments resulting in a highly viscous slurry which,
when sprayed directly on the soil, forms a gelatinous crust.
PART 3 -- EXECUTION
3.01 INSTALLATION AND MAINTENANCE
A. Erosion and sedimentation control devices shall be established prior to the clearing
operations in a given area. Where such practice is not feasible, the erosion and
sedimentation control device(s)shall be established immediately following completion of the
clearing operation.
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B. The Contractor shall furnish the labor, materials and equipment required for routine
maintenance of all erosion and sedimentation control devices. Maintenance shall be
scheduled as required for a particular device to maintain the removal efficiency and intent of
the device. Maintenance shall include but not be limited to 1)the removal and satisfactory
disposal of trapped sediments from traps or silt barriers and 2) replacement of filter fabrics
used for silt fences. Sediment removed from erosion and sedimentation control devices
shall be disposed of in locations that will not result in off site sedimentation as acceptable to
the Engineer, at no additional cost to the Owner.
C. The Contractor shall provide temporary sedimentation traps at all locations shown on the
Contract Drawings and for the settling of water pumped from the excavations or intercepted
by drainage ditches for keeping water out of the excavations or to protect existing structures.
The Contractor shall seed and mulch the earthen embankment with temporary or permanent
vegetation immediately after installation. The Contractor shall remove trapped sediment
from the basins when the design capacity has been reduced by 25% to maintain their
effectiveness or as indicated by the Engineer. Sediment material removed from the basins
shall be disposed by the Contractor in locations that will not result in off-site sedimentation
as acceptable to the Engineer, at no additional cost to the Owner.
1. Inspect temporary sediment traps at least once every 14 days and within 48 hours
after each runoff producing rainfall event. Remove sediment and restore the trap to
its original dimensions when the sediment has accumulated to one-forth the design
volume of the trap. Place the sediment that is removed in a designated disposal
area and replace the contaminated part of the aggregate facing.
2. Check the structure for damage from erosion or piping. Periodically check the depth
of the spillway to ensure it is a minimum of 1.0 ft. below the low point of the
embankment. Immediately fill settlement of the embankment to slightly above design
grade. Riprap displaced from the spillway must be replaced immediately.
3. After all sediment-producing areas have been permanently stabilized and permission
has been obtained from the plan approving authority, remove the structure and all
unstable sediment. Smooth the area to blend with the adjoining areas and stabilize
properly.
D. The Contractor shall provide temporary diversions at all locations noted on the Contract
Drawings. All temporary diversions shall outlet at a temporary sediment trap or other
appropriate structure.
1. Inspect temporary diversions at least once every 14 days and within 48 hours after
each runoff producing rainfall event. Immediately remove sediment form the flow
area and repair the diversion ridge. Carefully check outlets and make timely repairs
as needed. When the area protected is permanently stabilized and permission has
been obtained from the plan approving authority, remove the ridge and the channel
to blend with the natural ground level and appropriately stabilize it.
E. Silt fence shall be erected as shown on the Drawings and specified herein. Silt fence shall
be erected and maintained to the satisfaction of the Engineer until a vegetative ground cover
has been established. Replacement of the filter fabric, if required by the Engineer,will be at
the Contractor's expense.
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1. Inspect silt fence at least once every 14 days and within 48 hours after each runoff
producing rainfall event. Make required repairs immediately.
2. Should the fabric of a silt fence collapse, tear, decompose or become in-effective,
replace it promptly.
3. Remove sediment deposits as necessary to provide adequate storage volume for the
next rain and to reduce pressure on the fence. Take care to avoid undermining the
fence during cleanout.
4. Remove all fencing materials and unstable sediment deposits and bring the area to
grade and stabilize it after the contributing drainage area has been properly
stabilized. Removal of silt fence shall be permitted only with the prior approval of the
Engineer, or the local governing agency.
F. Riprap shall be graded so that the smaller stones are uniformly distributed through the mass.
The Contractor may place the stone by mechanical methods, augmented by hand placing
where necessary or ordered by the Engineer. The placed riprap shall form a properly
graded, dense, neat layer of stone. The placed riprap shall have a minimum depth of
24 inches. Filter fabric shall be used under all riprap. The filter fabric must meet the
requirements in Section 3.19 of the VESCH.
G. Riprap and stone for erosion control shall be dumped and placed in such manner that the
larger rock fragments are uniformly distributed throughout the rock mass and the smaller
fragments fill the voids between the larger fragments. Rearranging of individual stones by
equipment or by hand shall only be required to the extent necessary to secure the results
specified above,to protect structures from damage when rock material is placed against the
structures or to protect the underlying Filter Fabric from damage during installation.
H. The Contractor shall provide Culvert Inlet Protection at all locations noted on the Contract
Drawings.
1. Inspect Culvert Inlet Protection at least once every 14 days and within 48 hours after
each runoff producing rainfall event. Remove sediment and restore the inlet
protection to its original dimensions when the sediment has accumulated to one-half
the design depth. Place the sediment that is removed in a designated disposal area
and replace the contaminated part of the gravel facing.
2. Check the structure for damage from erosion or piping. Stone or riprap displaced
from the berm must be replaced immediately.
3. After all sediment-producing areas have been permanently stabilized and permission
has been obtained from the plan approving authority, remove the structure and all
unstable sediment. Smooth the area to blend with the adjoining areas and stabilize
properly.
I. Engineer may direct the Contractor to place Straw with Net, Curled Wood or Coconut Fiber
SSB's and Synthetic SSM's in permanent channels or on slopes at other locations not
shown on Drawings.
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1. All temporary and permanent channel linings shall be unrolled in the ditch in the
direction of the flow of water. Temporary and permanent linings shall be installed in
accordance with the requirements of Section 3.36 of the VESCH and per
manufacturer's specifications.
2. During the establishment period, check grass, SSB and SSM-lined channels at least
once every 14 days and within 48 hours after each runoff producing rainfall event.
For grass-lined channel once grass is established,check periodically and after every
runoff producing rainfall event. Immediately make repairs. It is particularly important
to check the channel outlet and all road crossings for bank stability and evidence of
piping and scour holes. Give special attention to the outlet and inlet sections and
other points where concentrated flow enters. Remove all significant sediment
accumulations to maintain the designed carrying capacity. Keep the grass in a
healthy, vigorous condition at all times.
J. The Contractor shall provide temporary slope drains at all location noted on the Contract
Drawings, and at other locations as may be directed by the Engineer.
1. Inspect the temporary slope drain and supporting diversion at least once every 14
days and after every runoff producing rainfall event and promptly make necessary
repairs. When the protected area has been permanently stabilized, temporary
measures may be removed, materials disposed of properly, and all disturbed areas
stabilized appropriately.
K. The Contractor shall provide temporary construction entrances at all locations noted on the
Contract Drawings, and at all other locations as may be directed by the Engineer.
1. Maintain the gravel pad in a condition to prevent mud or sediment from leaving the
construction site. This may require periodic topdressing with VDOT #1 course
aggregate. Inspect each construction entrance at least once every 14 days and
within 48 hours after each runoff producing rainfall event and clean out as
necessary. Immediately remove all objectionable materials spilled, washed, or
tracked onto public roadways.
2. Contractor shall provide wash rack and wash water for temporary construction
entrances. The roadway under the temporary construction entrance shall be graded
to drain into temporary sediment traps until construction activities cease and site
around temporary construction entrance has been permanently stabilized.
L. Permanent or temporary soil stabilization shall be applied to denuded areas within seven
days after final grade is reached on any portion of the site. Temporary soil stabilization shall
be applied within seven days to denuded areas that may not be at final grade but will remain
dormant(undisturbed)for longer than 30 days. Permanent stabilization shall be applied to
areas that are to be left dormant for more than one year. Preparation of areas for
permanent stabilization shall be performed in accordance with Section 2.32 of the VESCH.
1. Reseed and mulch temporary seeding areas where seedling emergence is poor, or
where erosion occurs, as soon as possible. Do not mow. Protect from traffic as
much as possible.
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2. Generally, a stand of vegetation cannot be determined to be fully established until
soil cover has been maintained for one full year from planting. Inspect seeded areas
for failure and make necessary repairs and reseedings within the same season, if
possible.
3. Reseeding— If a stand has inadequate cover, re-evaluate choice of plant materials
and quantities of lime and fertilizer. Re-establish the stand after seedbed
preparation or over-seed the stand. Consider seeding temporary, annual species if
the time of year is not appropriate for permanent seeding.
4. If vegetation fails to grow, soil must be tested to determine if acidity or nutrient
imbalance is responsible.
5. Fertilization — On the typical disturbed site, full establishment usually requires
refertilization in the second growing season. Fine turf requires annual maintenance
fertilization. Use soil tests if possible or follow the guidelines given for the specific
seeding mixture.
M. Additional Requirements
1. All storm sewer piping shall be blocked at the end of every Working day until the inlet
is constructed above grade.
2. All streets around the construction area shall be scraped as necessary to prevent
accumulation of dirt and debris.
ift, 3. The Contractor shall provide adequate means to prevent sediment from entering
storm drains, curb inlets (curb inlet filter box), ditches, streams, or bodies of water
downstream of any area disturbed by construction. Excavation materials shall be
placed upstream of trench or other excavation to prevent sedimentation of offsite
areas. In areas where a natural buffer area exists between the Work area and the
closest stream or water course, this area shall not be disturbed.
4. The Engineer may direct the Contractor to place additional sediment and erosion
control devices at other locations not shown on the Drawings.
5. The Contractor agrees to hold the Owner or any of its agents harmless from any and
all liability, loss or damage that may arise out of a violation to the Erosion and
Sediment Control Ordinance.
6. The Contractor shall monitor and take precautions to control dust, including, but not
limited to, use of water or chemical dust palliative, limiting the number of vehicles
allowed on site, minimizing the operating speed of all vehicles.
3.02 INSPECTIONS AND MAINTENANCE
A. The Contractor shall be responsible for the implementation of the Maintenance and
Inspection Procedures as written by the Engineer. The implementation must comply with
guidelines as set forth in General Virginia Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit
Regulation for Discharges of Storm Water From Construction Activities(9 VAC 25-180)and
VPDES General Permit No. VAR10.
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B. The Contractor shall designate a Qualified Person to perform inspections required by this
Section 02276. The following areas are to be inspected and maintenance performed, if
needed, at least once every 14 calendar days and within 48 hours of the end of runoff
producing storm event.
1. Disturbed areas of the construction site that have not undergone final stabilization
2. Erosion and sediment control structures
3. All locations where vehicles enter or exit the site
4. Material storage and construction laydown areas that are exposed to precipitation
and have not been finally stabilized
C. When a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWP3) is provided in the Contract
Documents, the Qualified Person shall follow the practices inspection and maintenance
requirements described in the SWP3. (See the Appendix for the SWP3, if applicable). All
appropriate records required by the SWP3 shall be maintained on site.
D. Immediate action will be taken to correct deficiencies to BMP's. The State reserves the right
to stop all construction activities not related to maintaining BMP's until such deficiencies are
repaired.
E. In areas that have been finally stabilized, inspections and, if necessary, maintenance by
Contractor will occur at least once per month for the duration of the contract or project,
whichever is longer.
F. During inspections the following will be observed and appropriate maintenance procedures
taken:
1. The conformance to specifications and current condition of all erosion and sediment
control structures.
2. The effectiveness and operational success of all erosion and sediment control
measures.
3. The presence of sediments or other pollutants in storm water runoff at all runoff
discharge points.
4. If reasonably accessible, the presence of sediments or other pollutants in receiving
Waters.
5. Evidence of off-site tracking at all locations where vehicles enter or exit the site.
G. An inspection checklist is included in the SWP3. This checklist must be completed during
each inspection, dated, and signed by the Qualified Person conducting the inspection.
Completed inspection checklist shall be kept on-site with the Contract Documents and
submitted to the Engineer on a monthly basis. The Contractor will repair deficiencies within
24 hours of inspection.
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3.03 REMOVAL OF TEMPORARY SEDIMENT CONTROL STRUCTURES
A. At such time that temporary erosion and control structures are no longer required under this
item, the Contractor shall notify the Engineer and Albemarle County of its intent and
schedule for the removal of the temporary structures, and obtain the Engineer's approval in
writing prior to removal. Once the Contractor has received such written approval from the
Engineer, the Contractor shall remove, as approved, the temporary structures and all
sediments accumulated at the removed structure shall be returned upgrade. In areas where
temporary control structures are removed,the site shall be left in a condition that will restore
original drainage. Such areas shall be evenly graded and seeded as specified in Section
02910, Final Grading and Landscaping.
3.04 NOTICE OF TERMINATION
A. When all construction activities have ceased,final stabilization has been implemented by the
Contractor, and the site is in compliance with the VPDES permit, the Contractor, together
with the Engineer shall submit a Notice of Termination.
- END OF SECTION -
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SECTION 02500
SURFACE RESTORATION
PART 1 -- GENERAL
1.01 THE REQUIREMENT
A. Provide all labor, equipment, and materials necessary for final grading, topsoil placement,
and miscellaneous site work not included under other Sections but required to complete the
work as shown on the Drawings and specified herein.
1.02 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE
A. Section 02200 - Earthwork
B. Section 02276 - Erosion and Sedimentation Control
C. Section 02910 - Final Grading and Landscaping
PART 2 -- MATERIALS
2.01 TOPSOIL
A. Topsoil shall meet the requirements of Section 02200—Earthwork.
PART 3 -- EXECUTION
3.01 FINAL GRADING
A. Following approval of rough grading the subgrade shall be prepared as follows:
1. For riprap, bare soil 24 inches below finish grade or as directed by Engineer.
2. For topsoil, scarify 2-inches deep at 4 inches below finish grade.
3.02 TOPSOIL PLACEMENT
A. Topsoil shall be placed over all areas disturbed during construction under any contract
except those areas which will be paved, graveled or rip rapped.
B. Topsoil shall be spread in place for lawn and road shoulder seed areas at a 4-inch
consolidated depth and at a sufficient quantity for plant beds and backfill for shrubs and
trees.
C. Topsoil shall not be placed in a frozen or muddy condition.
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D. Final surface shall be hand or mechanically raked to an even finished surface to finish grade
as shown on Drawings.
E. All stones and roots over 4-inches and rubbish and other deleterious materials shall be
removed and disposed of.
- END OF SECTION -
31037-042102500:05-24-13 02500-2 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
SECTION 02910
FINAL GRADING AND LANDSCAPING
PART 1 -- GENERAL
1.01 THE REQUIREMENT
A. Furnish all labor, equipment, and materials necessary for final grading, topsoiling, seeding,
and miscellaneous site work not included under other Sections,but required to complete the
work as shown on the Drawings and specified herein. Under this Section, all areas of the
project site disturbed by excavation, materials storage, temporary roads, etc., shall be
reseeded as specified herein.
1.02 RELATED WORK SPECIFIED ELSEWHERE
A. Section 02276 - Erosion and Sedimentation Control.
B. Section 02500 - Surface Restoration.
1.03 SUBMITTALS
A. Submit the following in accordance with Section 01300, Submittals.
1. Product Data
2. Certification of all materials
3. Three (3) copies of composition and germination certification and of test results for
grass seed.
PART 2 -- PRODUCTS
2.01 CONTRACTOR'S RESPONSIBILITIES
A. Furnish and submit certification for the materials used as specified in the General
Conditions, Division 1 and Division 2.
2.02 TOPSOIL
A., Upon completion and Engineer's approval of the rough grading, the Contractor shall place
the topsoil over all areas disturbed during construction under any contract except those
areas which will be paved,graveled or rip rapped. Topsoil shall not be placed in a frozen or
muddy condition and shall contain no toxic materials harmful to grass growth. Topsoil shall
be as defined under Section 02200, Earthwork.
2.03 WATER
A. Water shall be furnished to the Contractor by the Owner from existing facilities as directed
by the Engineer.
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B. The Contractor shall furnish all hoses and connections necessary to complete the
landscaping work.
2.04 FERTILIZER
A. Fertilizer shall be a complete commercial fertilizer with components derived from commercial
sources. Fertilizer composition shall be determined from field soil sampling in appropriate
number taken by the Contractor and analyzed by the Cooperative Extension Service Soil
Testing Laboratory at VPI & SU or by a reputable commercial laboratory. Contractor shall
furnish fertilizer in accordance with the recommendations of the testing laboratory and
Section 3.32 of the Virginia Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook (VESCH).
B. Fertilizer shall be delivered in standard size bags marked with the weight, analysis of
contents, and the name of the manufacturer. Fertilizer shall be stored in weatherproof
storage areas and in such a manner that its effectiveness will not be impaired.
2.05 LIME
A. Contractor shall use an agricultural grade of limestone. Quantity shall be determined from
field soil sampling in appropriate number taken by the Contractor and analyzed by the
Cooperative Extension Service Soil Testing Laboratory at VPI & SU or by a reputable
commercial laboratory. Contractor shall furnish lime in accordance with the
recommendations of the testing laboratory and Section 3.32 of the VESCH.
B. At least 50% shall pass a No. 200 U.S.S. mesh sieve. At least 90% shall pass a No. 100
U.S.S. mesh sieve and 100%shall pass a No. 10 U.S.S. mesh sieve. Total carbonates shall
not be less than 80% or 44.8% Calcium Oxide equivalent. For the purpose of calculation,
total carbonates shall be considered as Calcium Carbonate.
2.06 GRASS SEED
A. Provide the kinds and amounts of seed to be seeded in areas disturbed by the construction
work. All seed shall bear an official "Certified Seed" labeled and meet the requirements in
Section 3.32 of the VESCH. All seed must have been certified by Virginia Crop
Improvement Association within twelve (12) months immediately preceding the planting of
such material on the job.
B. The inoculant for treating legume seed mixture shall be a pure culture of nitrogen-fixing
bacteria prepared specifically for the species. Inoculants shall not be used later than the
date indicated on the container. Inoculants should be applied at two times the supplier's
recommended rate on dry seedings and five times the recommended rate when included in
hydroseeder slurry. The quality of the seed shall conform to the following:
Minimum Minimum Maximum
Seed Purity Germination Weed Seed
Type (%) (%) (%)
Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue 97 85 0.50
Perennial Ryegrass 98 90 0.50
Kentucky Bluegrass 97 85 0.50
Annual Ryegrass 97 90 0.50
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Minimum Minimum Maximum
Seed Purity Germination Weed Seed
`". Type (%) (%) (%)
Weeping Lovegrass 98 87 0.50
German Millet 98 85 0.50
Cereal (Winter) Rye 98 85 0.50
Redtop 94 80 0.50
C. Seed mixtures to be used on the project shall be as follows:
P - 190#/acre Kentucky 31 Tall Fescue, 5#/acre Perennial Ryegrass,
5#/acre Kentucky Bluegrass
TW - 50#/acre Annual Ryegrass, 50#/acre Cereal (Winter) Rye
TSP -- 100#/acre Annual Ryegrass
TSU -- 50#/acre German Millet
Note: PW - Permanent Seeding
TW - Temporary Winter Seeding
TSP - Temporary Spring Seeding
TSU - Temporary Summer Seeding
D. On cut and fill slopes 2:1 or steeper add 20#/acre of Weeping Lovegrass to the P seed
mixture in the Spring and add 20#/acre Annual Ryegrass in Fall and Winter.
2.07 WOOD CELLULOSE FIBER MULCH
A. For use in hydroseeding grass seed in combination with fertilizers and other approved
additions, shall consist of especially prepared wood cellulose fibers such as "Conwed",
"Silva-Fiber", or approved substitute, and have no growth or germination inhibiting factors,
and be dyed green.
B. The wood cellulose fiber shall have the additional characteristic of dispersing rapidly in water
to form a homogeneous slurry and remain in such state when agitated in the hydraulic
mulching unit, or adequate equal, with the specified materials.
C. When applied, the wood cellulose fiber with additives will form an absorptive mat but not a
plant inhibiting membrane,which will allow moisture, natural or mechanical,to percolate into
underlying soil.
D. Fiber mulch can be applied over top of newly seeded areas immediately after seed mixture
is applied to soil bed or applied as part of the hydroseeded slurry containing the seed
mixture. Anchored straw mulch shall be used in place of fiber mulch during hot and dry
summer months and late fall. Fiber mulch can be used to tack (anchor) straw mulch. All
fiber mulch shall adhere to requirements set forth in Section 3.35 of the VESCH.
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E. The mulch shall be supplied, compressed in packages containing 50 pounds of material
having an equilibrium air dry moisture content at time of manufacture of 12% plus or minus
Nftsiar 2%. Wood cellulose fiber mulch shall be stored in a weatherproof storage area and in such
a manner that effectiveness will not be impaired.
2.08 STRAW MULCH
A. Straw used for mulch shall be wheat or oats. Straw shall be undamaged, air dry, threshed
straw,free of undesirable weed seed. Straw mulch shall be spread by hand or machine and
must be anchored or tacked down. Straw mulch is not required for seeded areas treated
with a temporary soil stabilizer. All straw mulch shall adhere to requirements set forth in
Section 3.35 of the VESCH.
2.09 TEMPORARY SOIL STABILIZER
A. The temporary agent for soil erosion control shall consist of an especially prepared highly
concentrated powder which,when mixed with water,forms a thick liquid such as"Enviroseal
2001"by Enviroseal Corporation, "Terra Control"by Quattro Environmental, Inc.,or"CHEM-
CRETE ECO-110" by International CHEM-CRETE Corporation, and having no growth or
germination inhibiting factors. The agent shall be used for hydroseeding grass seed in
combination with other approved amendments resulting in a highly viscous slurry which,
when sprayed directly on the soil, forms a gelatinous crust.
2.10 SOIL STABILIZATION BLANKET (SSB)
A. The SSB shall be as specified in Section 02276 - Erosion and Sedimentation Control.
2.11 SYNTHETIC SOIL STABILIZATION MAT (SSM)
A. The SSM shall be as specified in Section 02276— Erosion and Sedimentation Control.
2.12 RIPRAP AND HERBICIDES
A. Furnish and install sufficient quantity of landscape gravel or riprap to cover over the ground
to a minimum 4-inch depth for gravel and 24-inch depth for riprap, unless otherwise noted,
or indicated on the Drawings. Also furnish and apply an approved herbicide to the subgrade
surface just prior to installing the landscape gravel or riprap.
B. During placing,the stone shall be graded so that the smaller stones are uniformly distributed
through the mass. The Contractor may place the stone by mechanical methods, augmented
by hand placing where necessary or ordered by the Engineer. The placed riprap shall form
a properly graded, dense, neat layer of stone.
C. All topsoil and vegetative matter shall be removed from the subgrade surfaces prior to the
application of the weed killer(herbicide)and to the placement of landscape gravel or riprap.
Apply commercial-type herbicide as preemergence control of miscellaneous grasses and
broadleaf weeds in granular or liquid form such as "Treflan", "Dymid", or approved
substitute. Methods and rates of application shall be in strict compliance to manufacturer's
directions and acceptable to the Engineer.
D. The herbicide selected shall be safe for use around ornamental plantings, have long-lasting
weed control, and shall be resistant to leaching away under excessive rainfall.
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E. A second application of the herbicide shall be made on the surface of the landscape gravel
or riprap sometime after the first six(6) months, but not later than twelve(12)months. Same
methods and rates apply as specified previously.
2.13 TREE SHRUB PLANTING
A. Provide trees and shrubs as shown on the Drawings and as specified in Section 3.37 of
VESCH.
PART 3 -- EXECUTION
3.01 GRADING
A. After approval of the rough grading, the Contractor shall commence his preparations of the
subgrade for the various major conditions of the work as follows:
1. Bare soil for riprap area at subgrade (24-inches below final grade, or as directed by
the Engineer).
2. Topsoil for lawn and road shoulder seed area - scarify 2-inch depth of subgrade
(4-inches below final grade) prior to placing topsoil.
B. Final surface grading of the topsoiled, landscape graveled, and riprapped areas shall be
mechanically raked or hand raked to an even finished surface alignment.
3.02 TOPSOIL
A. Topsoil shall be spread in place for quantity required for lawn and road shoulder seed areas
at 4-inch consolidated depth, and sufficient quantity for certain plant beds and backfill for
shrubs and trees as specified.
B. Topsoil shall be hospitable as a growth medium meeting all requirements as indicated by
Sections 3.30 & 3.32 of VESCH.
3.03 HYDROSEEDING AND GRASS
A. The Contractor shall grow a stand of grass on disturbed areas. The Contractor shall be
responsible for the satisfactory growth of grass throughout the period of the one-year
guarantee from Contract Closeout.
B. The Contractor's work shall include the preparation of the topsoil and bare soil seed bed,
application of fertilizer, limestone, mulching, inoculant, temporary soil stabilizer, watering,
and other operations necessary to provide a satisfactory growth of sod at the end of the
one-year maintenance period.
C. When hydraulic seeding method is used, include all additives and amendments required. A
"Reinco", "Finn", or"Bowie"type hydromulcher with adjustable nozzles and extension hoses,
or approved substitute, shall be utilized. General capacity of tank should range from 500 to
2,500 gallons, or as approved by the Engineer.
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D. Hydraulic seeding shall be carried out in three steps. Step one shall consist of the
application of lime. In step two the seed mixture shall be mixed with the fertilizer, wood
cellulose fiber mulch, and any required inoculants and applied to the seed bed. The seed
mixture can be applied as a separate process prior to the application of the slurry mixture.
Step three shall consist of application of top dressing during the first spring or fall,whichever
comes first, after step two.
E. Top dressing shall consist of a commercial grade fertilizer plus Nitrogen or other analysis as
may be recommended by soil testing. Types and application rates of seed mixtures shall be
as shown in the Seeding Schedule.
F. Ingredients for the mixture and steps should be dumped into a tank of water and thoroughly
mixed to a homogeneous slurry and sprayed out under a minimum of 300-350 pounds
pressure, in suitable proportions to accommodate the type and capacity of the hydraulic
machine to be used. Applications shall be evenly sprayed over the ground surface. The
Contractor shall free the topsoil of stones, roots, rubbish, and other deleterious materials
and dispose of same off the site. The bare soil, except existing steep embankment area,
shall be rough raked to remove stones, roots, and rubbish over 4-inches in size, and other
deleterious materials and dispose of same off the site.
G. No seeding should be undertaken in windy or unfavorable weather, when the ground is too
wet to rake easily,when it is in a frozen condition, or too dry. Any bare spots shown in two to
three weeks shall be recultivated, fertilized at half the rate, raked, seeded, and mulched
again by mechanical or hand broadcast method acceptable to the Engineer.
H. Areas that have been seeded with a temporary seed mixture shall be mowed to a height of
less than 2-inches and scarified prior to seeding with the permanent seed mixture.
I. The Contractor shall provide, at his own expense, protection for all seeded areas against
trespassing and damage at all times until acceptance of the work. Slopes shall be protected
from damage due to erosion, settlement, and other causes and shall be repaired promptly at
the Contractor's expense.
J. The Contractor shall water newly seeded areas of the lawn and road shoulder mix once a
week until the grasses have germinated sufficiently to produce a healthy turf, or unless
otherwise directed by the Engineer. Each watering shall provide three(3)gallons per square
yard. The Contractor shall furnish all necessary hoses, sprinklers, and connections.
K. The first and second cutting of the lawn grasses only shall be done by the Contractor. All
subsequent cuttings will be done by the Owner's forces in a manner specified by the
Contractor.
3.04 SOIL STABILIZATION BLANKET (SSB)
A. All channels and slopes indicated on the Drawings shall be lined with a SSB. The area to be
covered shall be properly graded and hydroseeded before the blanket is applied. Installation
shall be in accordance with Section 02276, Erosion and Sedimentation Control.
3.05 SOIL STABILIZATION MAT (SSM)
A. All channels and slopes indicated on the Drawings shall be lined with a SSM. The area to
be covered shall be properly graded before the mat is applied. Once the mat is placed and
31037-042102910:05-24-13 02910-6 RPS & RPS TUNNEL
anchored, the area shall be seeded and mulched in accordance to this Specification and
Section 3.36 of the VESCH. Installation shall be in accordance with Section 02276, Erosion
and Sediment Control.
3.06 MAINTENANCE
A. The Contractor shall be responsible for maintaining all seeded areas through the end of his
warranty period. Maintenance shall include but not be limited to,annual fertilization, repair of
seeded areas, irrigation (until permanent vegetation is fully established), and weed control.
The Contractor shall provide, at his own expense, protection for all seeded areas against
trespassing and damage at all times until acceptance of the work. Slopes shall be protected
from damage due to erosion, settlement, and other causes and shall be repaired promptly at
the Contractor's expense.
B. Annual fertilization shall consist of an application of 500#/acre of 10-10-10 commercial grade
fertilizer, or its equivalent and 60#/acre of nitrogen in early fall, or other analysis as may be
determined by soil test. Annual fertilization shall be in addition to top dressing and shall be
performed by the Contractor each fall season after planting until the work is substantially
complete.
C. Mowing shall be scheduled so as to maintain a minimum stand height of 4-inches or as
directed by the Engineer. Stand height shall be allowed to reach 8 to 10-inches prior to
mowing.
D. All seeded areas shall be inspected on a regular basis and any necessary repairs or
reseedings made within the planting season, if possible. If the stand should be over 60%
damaged, it shall be re-established following the original seeding recommendations.
E. Weed growth shall be maintained mechanically and/or with herbicides. When chemicals are
used,the Contractor shall follow the current Virginia Agricultural Experiment Stations'weed
control recommendations and adhere strictly to the instructions on the label of the herbicide.
No herbicide shall be used without prior approval of the Engineer.
3.07 CLEANUP
A. The Contractor shall remove from the site all subsoil excavated from his work and all other
debris including, but not limited to, branches, paper, and rubbish in all landscape areas,and
remove temporary barricades as the work proceeds.
B. All areas shall be kept in a neat, orderly condition at all times. Prior to final acceptance,the
Contractor shall clean up the entire landscaped area to the satisfaction of the Engineer.
3.08 SEEDING SCHEDULE
A. All seeding and mulching to be completed by the Contractor shall conform to Sections 3.32
and 3.35 of the VESCH. No permanent seeding shall be performed from May 1 -August 31
and November 1 —February 31. Temporary seed mixtures will be used during these times if
seeding is necessary. Areas seeded with temporary seed mixtures shall be reseeded by the
Contractor at no additional cost to the Owner with permanent seed as directed by the
Engineer.
B. Application rates of seed mixtures, lime, fertilizer, mulch and top dressing are shown in the
schedule.
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