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HomeMy WebLinkAboutFeas An of Lewis&Clark Exp CtrFinal Report Feasibility Analysis of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Prepared For: City of Charlottesville, Virginia and The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Committee Prepared By: Hunter Interests Inc. Annapolis, MD · New York City · Clearwater, FL in association with: Jones & Jones Seattle, WA May 1, 2000 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D May 1, 2000 Mr. Satyendra Huja City of Charlottesville and The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Committee P. O. Box 911 Charlottesville, Virginia 22902 Dear Committee Member: This letter transmits the final report on the feasibility analysis of a Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center in Charlottesville. We are pleased to have arrived at this point, and encourage you to use the information, concepts, and projections contained in the study to educate the community and prepare the way for a new stage of development planning. We are confident the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center can be successful as a self-supporting cukural museum, which will contribute Significant social and economic benefits as it takes its place among top-tier heritage tourism attractions. The feasibility analysis does not constitute the end of your work. Rather it marks the beginning of a new work phase that is now possible. Forming the entity that will develop and operate the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, organ/zing a capkal campaign, engaging a director, and a host of other exciting and challenging actions await you. Like the expedition, you have a long way to go, but will get there with good leadership, sustained effort, and a little luck. We encourage you to think big, and to seize the opportunity .to create a first class facility that Charlottesville, and y. ou personally, will be proud of. Hunter Interests Inc. and Jones & Jones share the firm belief that the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center can, and shOuld, be something special. We hope that our work will lead to groundbreaking and construction, and stand ready to assist the Committee, the Cky of Charlottesville, and others in any way to help achieve that goal. Thank you for the opportunity to assist you on this project, into which you have invested so much personal time and effort. Thanks also to the City of Charlottesville and its officials for investing its funds in the project, and to the strategic planning and economic development officials who were so helpful and supportive during the study process. Sincerely, HUNTER INTERESTS INC. Ernest E. Bleinberger //' Vice President URBAN ECONOMICS · FINANCE · REAL ESTATE DEVELOPMENT 121 MAIN STREET · ANNAPOLIS. MARYLAND 21401 · (410) 269-0033 · FAX (410) 280-9163 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D II. III. IV. VI. VII. VIII. Table of Contents Executive Summary Introduction and Methodology Community Context Analysis Competitive Supply Analysis A. Other Lewis and Clark Centers B. Charlottesville Attractions Demand Analysis A. Primary Market B. Secondary Market C. Tertiary Market (Day-Trip Tourism) D. Tourism Market Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Development Assumptions Capture Analysis and Visitation Projections A. Capture Analysis B. Total Projected Visitation Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Concept Building Program 1. Orientation Space 2. Central Exhibit Area 3. Focus Pods 4. Multi-Sensory, Audience Participation Theater 5. Educational/Classroom Space 6. Retail Center 7. Restaurant 8. Snack Bar Meeting and Seminar Space · Back of the House/Office/Restrooms Storage Natural Exhibit/Activity Area Page 9 9 10 12 12 12 12 13 16 18 18 19 22 22 22 23 23 24 24 24 25 25 25 25 25 IX, Capital Cost Estimate and Development Budget summary 29 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D Xo XII. XlII. Financial Analysis A. Projected Revenue B. Projected Costs and Expenses C. Cash Flow Summary Funding Evaluation and Recommendations Site Discussion A. Site Discussion Methodology B. Recommended Sites for Consideration Economic Impact Analysis A. Direct Economic Impact Summary B. Indirect Economic Impact Summary C. Tourism Impacts 31 31 35 41 43 45 45 46 5O 50 51 51 Tables and Figures Table Table Table Table Table Table Table 1: Comparative Annual Visitation at Selected Charlottesville and Virginia Attractions 2: LCEC Population Based Markets 3: City of Charlottesville and Albemarle Co. Travel Impacts 4: State of Virginia. Travel Impacts 5: Charlottesville and Albemarle Co. Hotel Data 6: LCEC Population Based Demand Capture Analysis 7: LCEC Comparative Tourism Capture Analysis Table 8: LCEC Projected Visitation Range Table-9: LCEC Conceptual Building Program Summary Figure 1: LCEC Proportional Spatial Diagram Figure 2: LCEC Organizational Diagram Table 10: LCEC Capital Cost and Development Budget Summary Table 11: LCEC Stabilized Revenues from. Admissions Table 12: LCEC permanent StaffCost Summary Table 13: LCEC Plant Operations Cost Summary Table 14: LCEC 10-Year Cash Flow Projections Figure 3: Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, Urban Setting Figure 4: Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, Park Setting Table 15: LCEC Economic Impact Summary 11 13 14 15 15 20 21 21 26 27 28 30 32 36 38 42 48 49 53 HUNTER INTERESTS ! N C O R P O R A T E D I. Executive Summary. The consulting team of Hunter Interests Inc. and Jones & Jones architects was retained by the City of Charlottesville to conduct a market and financial feasibility analysis for a Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, based on the vision of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Committee to create a facility that successfully combines economic development goals with cultural' and educational enrichment objectives. A wealth of data and other information for use in the feasibility analysis was collected including material from the City of Charlottesville, Charlottesville Convention and Visitors Bureau, the University of Virginia, the Albemarle County Historical Society, the Virginia Tourism Corporation, the Federal Executive Institute, and the Association of Science and Technology Centers, Inc. (ASTC). Research in conjunction with the analysis has also included discussions with many individuals associated with the operation of other Lewis and Clark museums, interpretive centers, and parks throughout the country. We have also interviewed members of the Lewis and Clark Historic Trail Commission and the National Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Council. At this time there are no regionally competing Lewis and Clark centers in the Charlottesville markelplace, although the artifact collection and historical connection at Monticello currently attracts visitors who are interested in the expedition. The lack of a major museum in the area that features this important historical event is noticeable by its absence. A 25-mile band around Charlottesville represents the primary, or local market. This market for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center is an area within a half-hour drive of downtown and has a population of approximately 223,000. This represents a premier target market for repeat visitation and alternative use of the facility for a variety of activities. An 85-mile band, which includes the cities of Richmond and Lynchburg, identifies a secondary market that can be characterized as a short trip tourist market. This market area includes a population of approximately 2.9 million. A 170-mile band identifies a tertiary market that includes the Baltimore- Washington area, the population clusters of Northern Virginia, and the HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D population centers of the Norfolk and Roanoke areas. This band effectively represents a day-trip tourism market and has a net population of approximately 14.9 million. Based on the projected total number of room nights sold in 1998, we estimate that there are approximately 1.1 million overnight visitor-days in Charlottesville and Albemarle County. Adjusting for multiple night stays and pass-through tourists, we estimate that actual overnight tourist visitation to the Charlottesville area is between 900,000 and 1 million persons per year. Hunter Interests Inc. and the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Committee developed a preliminary concept that focuses on the Center's ability to occupy a role as the "hub of the wheel" for nationwide Lewis and Clark facilities, programs, activities, research, etc. The Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail Interpretive Center in Great Falls, Montana, is the headquarters for the Lewis and Clark Heritage Trail Foundation, and it will presumably remain so. However, we envision a Charlottesvill. e center that will become'the de facto headquarters for the nation through 'its breadth and scope of presentation, high-tech and interactive exhibits and audience participation experiences, electronic archives, and other features. Given the historical profile of Lewis and Clark in the Charlottesville area, their significance in educational programs, the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center's unique charaCteristics, and its potential ability to offer itself as a venue for receptions, meetings, and other support uses, we expect that the Center could capture approximately 10% to 12% of the local market population. This equates with approximately 22,000 to 27,000 visitOrs from the primary market annually. Based on the characteristics of the facility as conceptualized at this time, and other factors relative to leisure habits and travel patterns, we expect the LCEC will capture between 3% and 4% of the population in the secondary market annually. This equates with approximately 88,000 to 117,000 visitors from this market area annually. The tertiary market encompasses a day-trip tourism market that contains nearly 15 million people. The ability of this dense population to reach Charlottesville in one-and-a-half to four hours makes the City and the LCEC a viable destination for an enormous market. We project that the LCEC could capture at least 1% of the tertiary market, generating visitation of approximately 150,000 persons annually. HUNTER INTERESTS ! N C O R P O R A T E D Assuming that the LCEC is one of the premier 'cultural attractions in the City, we expect that it could capture between 25% and 30% of tourists who are already visiting major attractions. Viewed differently, this equates with a 15% to 18% capture of all overnight tourists to Charlottesville, or between approximately 143,000 and 171,000 visitors annually. Based on its attractiveness as a family destination, likely destination for locals to take out-of-town visitors, and its position as a national center, we can reasonably expect multiple visits from a portion of the population. We have factored into the visitation calculations a projection that 5% of visitors would attend twice a year. This adds between approximately 20,000 and 23,000 vi sitor-days to the total visitation range. Hunter Interests Inc. projects that total annual visitation to the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will range from approximately 421,000 to 487,000, with a midpoint of approximately 450,000 representing the most likely stabilized annual attendance. The Conceptual Building Program is briefly summarized below. Orientation Space Central Exhibit Area Five Focus Pods Multi-Sensory, Audience Participation Theater Educational/Classroom Space Retail Center ' Restaurant Snack Bar Meeting/Seminar Space Back of the House/Office/Restrooms Storage Outdoor Exhibit/Activity Area The Conceptual Building Plan provides nearly 70,000 net square feet of useable space (80,000 including outdoor exhibit and act. ivity areas). This space can accommodate a world class center by maximizing utilization of the interior, and using outdoor plazas and other spaces accordingly. Gross Building Area is approximately 82,000 square feet. The total development budget for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center including $10.25 million for the building itself, $3.8 million for design, outfitting, and pre-opening budget, and $10 million for exhibits, but not counting any land or financing costs, is estimated to be approximately $24 million. 3 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D Based on the facility program, performance projections, and pricing assumptions, we estimate that total annual operating revenues for the LCEC will be approximately $5.14 million at stabilization in year three. Based on the facility program, cost projections, and operating assumptions, we estimate that total annual operating expenses for the LCEC will be approximately $4.8 million at stabilization in year three. The results of the 1 O-year analysis performed for the LCEC indicate that the facility can generate revenues in excess of costs to produce a positive Net Operating Income (NOI). Based on results of the cash flow analysis, we believe the LCEC can be self- supporting. However, it is unlikely that it can support any significant conventional debt financing to cover capital costs associated with construction and development. Preliminary assessment of funding availability from the private sector, including contributions, grants, and sponsorship by corporations is encouraging. To acquire the estimated $24 million in capital costs required to construct, outfit, and open the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, we recommend a funding/development model that includes the following components: The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center could seek to raise $15 million from private contributions, grants, membership sales, and corporate sponsorship agreements to this portion of the capital campaign. Corporate monies may be especially suited to funding of exhibits, technological components, and interactive video programs. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center could seek public funding in the form of grants and contributions from state and federal programs and agencies of $5 million. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center should seek to acquire additional funding of $5 million through conventional debt financing or tax exempt financing in the form of Virginia Industrial Revenue Bonds. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center could lease property from the City, County, or institutional partner at a minimal cost based on performance thresholds, or seek a gifted parcel as part of a public/private development partnership. HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D l With a view toward maximizing potential visitation and economic impact, two primary site types that work best for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center have been discussed. They can generally be described as: 1) an urban setting and 2) a park setting. Total direct economic impacts from Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center development include a one-time capital expenditure of $24 million and annual direct spending by the facility of approximately $4.2 million. We estimate that capital expenditures will create approximately $74.5 million in one-time indirect impacts, and ongoing expenditures by the Center will generate approximately $13 million in annual indirect economic impacts. Based on the conservative assumption that approximately 10% of all visitors will be making their first trip to Charlottesville, spin-off spending can be expected from an estimated 40,000 to 50,000 "net new" day-visitors. We estimate that attendance at other attractions, spending in local restaurants, consumer purchases, and the like may contribute an additional $200,000 to $500,000 annually to the local economy. Based on current overnight tourist visitation to Charlottesville of 900,000 to 1 million and our own capture analysis, we project that the Center might increase that level by 1% to 2%, or 10,000 to 20,000 persons. This translates into "net new" overnight tourism spending of between $2.1 million and $4.2 million in the local economy annually. When the multiplier effect is applied to net new spending by daytrippers and overnight visitors, an annual indirect economic impact of between $7.1 million and $14.5 million is generated. 5 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D II. IntrodUction and Methodology Hunter Interests Inc. was retained by the City of Charlottesville to conduct a market and financial feasibility analysis for a Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, based on the vision of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Committee to create a facility which successfully combines economic development goals with cultural and educational enrichment objectives. During the course of our work, we have met regularly with the full Exploratory Committee and many of its individual members who represent a diverse group of interested parties including City officials, representatives of key historic/culturai attractions in the area, and private citizens with an interest in Lewis and Clark. We have also interviewed a number of people in the greater Charlottesville area, including hotel operators, tourism officials, business people, and public officials, as part of our Community Context Analysis. We collected a wealth of data and other information for use in the feasibility analysis, including material from the City of Charlottesville, Charlottesville Convention and Visitors Bureau, the University of Virginia, the Albemarle County Historical Society, the Virginia Tourism Corporation, the Federal Executive Institute, and the Association of Science and Technology Centers (ASTC). Research in conjunction with our market analysis has also included discussions with many individuals associated with operation of other Lewis and Clark museums, interpretive centers, and parks throughout the country. We have also interviewed members of the Lewis and Clark Historic Trail Commission and the National Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Council. Our research into the facilities and programs that currently exist, and which are in development across the country, has been facilitated by a well developed Internet connection between Lewis and Clark facilities and programs, reports, technical papers, newspaper articles, books, and other material. We conducted the feasibility analysis in association with Jones & Jones Architects, an internationally prominent design firm. They have provided input throughout the work process, and have played an integral role in the Site Analysis and development of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Conceptual Plan. This report includes a capital cost estimate, revenue projections, operating expense projections, cash flow analysis, and an economic impact analysis. The report concludes with a series of development recommendations, a funding strategy, and several illustrations that depict diagrammatic space programs and a conceptual sketch of the facility. HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D III. Community Context Analysis The purpose of conducting the Community Context Analysis was to assess the potential role that a major heritage tourism attraction in the form of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center would play in the context of the synergy between Other attractions, its impact on overall tourism visitation to Charlottesville, and the potential for economic development that such a facility could produce. The methodology for this analysis consists of assimilation of interviews and discussions with stakeholders in the community, and our experience in observing and working in other tourism markets on similar projects. The Community Context Analysis essentially continued throughout our work process, with new information, ideas, issues, and opportunities incorporated into the development of a building concept, site recommendations, and the financing strategy. It is clear that the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center can function very well as a key addition to the mix of historic and other attractions in Charlottesville. Indeed, the development of a Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center that is a destination for tourists, and also a venue for repeat local use may be a critical factor in improving the rate of tourism growth and market share in Charlottesville. Cities such as Lexington, Fredericksburg, and Staunton have experienced double-digit growth in travel spending over the last several years. Charlottesville has experienced approximately 6% growth annually, although in the last two years there has been a slight increase in traveler spending. Moderate declines in attendance at Monticello and Michie Tavern over the last two years have been partially balanced by slight gains at Ash Lawn, the Virginia Discox~ery Museum, and other attractions, but local tourism activity remains fairly static. Without exception, the interviews conducted in our Community Context Analysis haVe supported the notion that a new attraction, particularly a Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, is not only desirable for Charlottesville, but will provide much needed support for the City's efforts to regain a competitive edge in regional tourism. The ability of the LCEC to act as a support attraction for Monticello and other museums, as well as an overflow capture mechanism, is an important dynamic. Similarly, the historic, cultural, and physical ties between existing Charlottesville attractions and a facility that will embody the Lewis and Clark expedition and its multifaceted role in our society, represents a market dynamic which can create a inutually beneficial environment for grOwth. This enhanced tourism environment can have a long-term beneficial impact on the local hotel industry, conference and convention business, restaurants, retail, and other market sectors that benefit from increased visitation to the area, and the travel expenditur, es that are associated with it. HUNTER INTERESTS ! N C O R P O R A T E D Benefits associated with education, cultural enrichment, and image enhancement, have also been idemified as positives in LCEC development during our Community Context Analysis. The ability of the LCEC to provide a venue for seminars and workshops for leadership, decision making, personal growth, and other areas of learning associated with the Lewis and Clark experience has also been supported. Its potential leadership role in the "national community" of tourists, historians, educators, and other Lewis and Clark organizations has also been supported by the Community Context Analysis. HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D IV. Competitive Supply Analysis A. Other Lewis and Clark Centers' New Lewis and Clark museums and interpretive centers of various types are being featured, and in some cases developed, throughout the country as the bicentennial of the expedition approaches and the large base of enthusiasts continues to grow through educational and marketing programs. In addition to existing Lewis and Clark museums and interpretive centers such as the Fort Clatsop National Memorial in Oregon and the Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail Interpretive Center in Great Falls, Montana, there are new centers planned. These include the National Lewis and Clark Bicentennial Exhibition in St. Louis, the Sacajawea Interpretive Center in Salmon, Idaho, and the Lewis and Clark State Memorial Interpretive Center in Woods River, Illinois. At this time there are no regionally competing Lewis and Clark centers in the Charlottesville marketplace, although the artifact collection and historical connection at Monticello currently attracts visitors who are interested in the expedition. The Alderman Library at the University of Virginia, the Albemarle County Historical Society, ancestral homesites of the Meriwethers and Clarks, statues, and markers constitute other bases for Lewis and Clark-oriented visitation. However, the lack of a major museum in the area that features this important historical event is noticeable by its absence. We view the formative role of Thomas Jefferson, and the geographic/civic role of Charlottesville as the location for the beginning of the expedition, as the two keystones of visitor demand, for which there is no current designated supply. This gap, in what is otherwise a fairly well developed chain of sites, facilities, and parks across the country, represents an important market opportunity which a well planned Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center in Charlottesville can effectively exploit. The impact on visitation that the over arching national and international fascination with the Lewis and Clark expedition could provide ro the LCEC over time is difficult to quantify. However, given its widespread following and place in history, we believe a Center which becomes a "must see" destination for aficionados, as well as Virginia heritage tourists and visitors to Charlottesville, could effectively capture a significant amount of this potential visitation. 9 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D B. Charlottesville Attractions Charlottesville has a modest supply of other attractions, which serve to bring in tourists, educate and entertain the local population, and otherwise contribute to the mix of places to go and things to do. Charlottesville's main location-based attraction of course is Monticello, which has attracted approximately 550,000 visitors annually over the last several years. There has been a decline in visitation from 561,304 in 1997 to 551,975 in 1998, and visitation is expected to drop slightly again in 1999 to 548,828. Other important attractions such as Ash Lawn, the University of Virginia, Virginia Discovery Museum, the Virginia Museum of Natural History, and several art museums comprise the base of cultural attractions in Charlottesville. More regional attractions such as Montpelier, Luray Caverns, and the Shenandoah National Park combine with outdoor recreational activities such as golf and collegiate athletics to provide additional tourism market support. However, Charlottesville clearly needs more destination attractions to achieve the critical mass of visitation and travel spending activity necessary for tourism growth. The addition of the Lewis. and Clark ExploratOry Center to the existing mix of attractions will be a very complementary, indeed potentially critical one. Again, its uniqueness allows it to fill a niche that will generally provide support for overall visitation to Charlottesville. While some capture of visitation from other attractions can be expected, the additional tourists and daytrippers who are induced to visit the area because of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center would likely offset any decrease. Indeed, it is more likely that certain attractions will experience a net gain in visitation due to the development of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. The range of visitation experienced at Charlottesville attractions and other heritage tourism sites in Virginia gives a sense of overall market potential. See Table 1. 10 HUNTER INTERESTS ! N C O R P O R A T E D Table 1 Comparative Annual Visitation At Selected Charlottesville and Virginia Attractions 1998 1997 % Change Ash Lawn 81,199 81,090 0.13% Michie Tavern Museum 33,172 37,189 -10.80% Monticello 551,975 561,304 -1.66% MVC Exhibition 107,258 91,773 16.87% Mt. Vernon 1,048,399 1,036,385 1.16% 2olonial Williamsburg 983,100 972,433 1.10% /'irginia Discovery Museum 47,135 42,314 11.39% University of Virginia 608,000* 595,000' 2.18% Charlottesville Visitors Center 201,016 185,429 8.41% Estimated. Source: Virginia Tourism Corp.; Hunter Interests Inc. 11 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D V. Demand Analysis A series of concentric demographic/population bands has been used to define and quantify primary, secondary, and tertiary Charlottesville markets. The population figures used in the concentric-band analysis are net to that particular market area, and projected at 2004 levels. The tourism visitation estimates are approximate as no precise data with regard to the number of people visiting the area exists. We have extrapolated our projections regarding this market segment from available hotel occupancy and spending data and other tourism indicators. A. Primary Market A 25-mile band around Charlottesville represents the primary, or local market. This market for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center is an area within a half- hour drive of downtown and has a population of approximately 223,000. This represents a premier target market for repeat visitation, and alternativ, e use of the facility for a variety of activities. B. Secondary Market An 85-mile band, which includes the cities of Richmond and Lynchburg, identifies a secondary market that can be characterized as a short trip tourist market. This market area includes a population of approximately 2.9 million. C. Tertiary Market (Day-Trip Tourism) We have utilized a !70-mi!e b~d t° identify a tertiary market that includes the Baltimore-Washington area, the population clusters of Northern Virginia, and the population centers of the Norfolk and Roanoke areas. This band effectively represents a day-trip tourism market and has a net population of approximately 14.9 million. See Table 2. 12 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D Table 2 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Population Based Markets (2004 Projected) Primary Market 25-Mile Band 223,711 ;econdary Market 25- to 85-Mile Band 2,923,934 ['ertiary Market (Day-Trip Tourism) 85- to 170-Mile Band 14,911,402 Total Market Population* 18,059,047 * Net population in concentric bands. Sources: Claritas; Hunter Interests Inc. D. Tourism Market According to the Virginia Tourism Corporation there is approximately $275 million in annual traveler spending associated with visitation to Charlottesville and Albemarle County. As a point of reference, traveler spending in the State of Virginia totaled nearly $11.2 billion, revealing a 3% market share for the Charlottesville-Albemarle County area. The market share of traveler spending in Charlottesville alone is about 1% of statewide spending at $110 million. Hotels and motels in Charlottesville and Albemarle County registered a total of 667,293 room nights consumed in 1998, creating an overall occupancy rate of about 66%. Based on the projected total number of room nights sold in 1998 of approximately 687,000, an occupancy ratio of 1.2 for business travelers (60% of room nights), and 2.2 for leisure travelers (40%), we estimate that there are approximately 1.1 million overnight visitor-days in Charlottesville and Albemarle County. Adjustifig for multiple night stays and pass-through tourists, we estimate that actual tourist visitation to the Charlottesville area is between 900,000 and 1 million persons per year. This projected number of tourists does not include daytrippers who may come from within the secondary or tertiary markets, as covered above. Therefore, we view the baseline for tourism projections as conservative. The spending 13 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D attributes, impacts on local entertainment and eating and drinking establishments, and the potential for overnight visitation which daytrippers represent are important elements of the larger tourism market. The existing overnight tourism segment represents a key potential demand segment for the LCEC and a foundation for public sector support. An incremental increase in tourism generated by the development of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center can have a dramatic effect on other segments of the local economy. See Tables 3, 4, and 5 Table 3 City of Charlottesville and Albemarle Co. Travel Impacts City of Albemarle Charlottesville County Total Traveler Spending Change from Previous ?ear Travel Payroll Travel Employment Local Travel Taxes Travel-Related Establishments Travel-Related Employment State TraVel Taxes $110,970,000 $163,690,000 $274,660,000 10.0% 13.4% $31,600,000 $39,760,000 $71,360,000 2,040 2,980 5,020 $2,780,000 $4,140,000 $6,920,000 561 376 937 9,356 6,689 16,045 $5,280.000 $7,640,000 $12,920,000 Source: Virginia Tourism Corp. FY 1998; Hunter Interests Inc. 14 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D Table 4 State of Virginia Travel Impacts Traveler Spending Change from Previous year Travel Payroll Travel Employment State Travel Taxes Local Travel Taxes Travel-Related Establishments Travel-Related Employment ;ource: Virginia Tourism Corp FY1998.; Hunter Interests Inc. $11,189,270,000 6.3% $2,917,000,000 176,210 $487,940,000 $300,740,000 40,438 697,801 Table 5 Charlottesville and Albemarle County Hotel Data Projected 1997 1998 1999 Projected 2000 Hotel Rooms 2,540 2,770 2,891 3,028 Available per year 927,100 1,011,050 1,104,855 1,105,220 Estimated ADR $65 $68 $72 $75 68% 66% 65% 67% Estimated Hotel Occupancy 630,428 667,293 687,472 $43,666,897 $48,804,022 $53,532,360 Estimated Hotel Room Nights (consumed) Estimated Room Revenue Estimated Room Tax Revenue $1,206,123 $2,015,541 $2,676,618 Source: Charlottesville Albemarle Visitors Bureau; Hunter Interests Inc. 740,497 *55,537,305I $2,776,8651 15 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D VL Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Development Assumptions In formulating the visitation projections for the LCEC, certain preliminary assumptions about the ultimate size, function, location, design, and operational characteristics of the facility must be made. The nature of supply can have a dramatic effect on demand for museums and other cultural arts and entertainment attractions. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center's final form and function will have a significant impact on its ability to penetrate local, regional, and national tourism markets, and to generate repeat visitation. Hunter Interests Inc. and the LCEC Committee developed a preliminary concept that foduses on the Center's abilit~y to occupy a role as the "hub of the wheel" for nationwide Lewis and Clark facilities, programs, activities, research, etc. The Lewis and Clark National Historic Trail Interpretive Center in Great Falls, Montana, is the headquarters for the Lewis and Clark Heritage Trail Foundation, and it wilt presumably remain so. However, we envision a Charlottesville center that will become the de facto headquarters for the nation through its breadth and scope of presentation, high-tech and interactive exhibits and audience participation experiences, electronic archives that feature genealogical and historical research opportunities, and other features. The LCEC will have the ability to transmit and translate the Lewis and Clark expedition into a vivid mv. lti-sensory experience. It will also provide a location and atmosphere for exploring the less tangible concepts associated with the expedition such as leadership, decision-making, democracy, manifest destiny, racial, ethnic, and cultural diversity and interaction, science, horticulture, cartography, geography, and many other areas ripe for application to, and/or learning from, the Lewis and Clark expedition. A detailed Conceptual Development Plan is presented in Section VIII that describes the building size, spatial relationships, possible exhibits and alternative use mix, and other specifics, whose ultimate incorporation, and/or refinement will have an impact On visitation. In proceeding with visitation projections, we assume the following baseline characteristics of Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center development. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory center will be located in greater Charlottesville, Virginia, presumably (although not necessarily) within the City limits. 16 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will have a mix of exhibits with a central theme, and capitalize on its role as a national center. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will feature high tech, visual, interactive exhibits with significant marketing potential. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will have adequate parking and good vehicular and pedestrian access. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will be effectively managed, aggressively marketed, and maintained at a high level of professionalism. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will be of sufficient size and design to accommodate visitation as determined by market demand potential. 17 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D VII. Capture Analysis and Visitation Projections A. Capture Analysis Capture analysis is a technique for projecting market penetration that is based on comparative market performance of operations under varying sets of development criteria, assessment of economic and market characteristics, and professional experience. In this case we have examined the historical capture rates of other Charlottesville area attractions and their overall visitation numbers and characteristics. In addition to the pertinent data shown in Table 1, we established that nearly 300,000 persons attend a total of six football games at the University. The Rotunda at the University of Virginia attracts 110,000 visitors each year under a limited attendance format, and more than 10,000 people each year for meetings, dinners, receptions, and the like. We 'have also used data from the Association of Science-Technology Centers Incorporated (ASTC) to compare the performance of cultural attractions nationwide. The average on-site attendance at medium size facilities, including museums, in the United States was 497,725 in 1998. These statistics are presented as an additional comparative tool, and we believe they support our assessment of the market as one with significant potential for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. The comparative information is used in conjunction with our market data and associated analysis to establish a range of capture rates which is then applied to market areas to calculate projected visitation. Given the historical profile of Lewis and Clark in the Charlottesville area, their significance in educational programs, the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center's unique characteristics as summarized earlier, and its potential ability to offer itself as a venue for receptions, meetings, and other support uses, we expect that the Center could capture appro:~imately 10% to 12% of the local market population. This equates with approximately 22,371 to 26,845 visitors from the primary market annually. The secondary market encompasses a broader geographic area, 'but Charlottesville is readily accessible, and the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will provide a destination attraction for school field trips, family outings, and personal trips that are within a 90-minute drive. Based on the characteristics of the facility as conceptualized at this time, and other factors 18 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R ? 0 R A T E D relative to leisure habits and travel patterns, we expect the LCEC will capture between 3% and 4% of the population in the secondary market annually. This equates with approximately 87,718 to 116,957 visitors from this market area annually. The tertiary market is represented by a band 85 to 170 miles from Charlottesville, effectively encompassing a day-trip tourism market that contains nearly 15 million people. The ability of this dense population to reach Charlottesville in one-and-a-half to four hours, makes the City and the LCEC a viable destination for an enormous market. However, competition from hundreds of other cultural attractions, historical venues, parks, recreational amenities, entertainment, and tourist destinations greatly diminish the ability of any attraction in Charlottesville to capture market share. Nonetheless, we project that the LCEC could capture at least 1% of the tertiary market, generating visitation of approximately 149,114 persons annually. We have estimated that there are approximately 950,000 tourists visiting the Charlottesville area each year. Based on data received from various attractions, we estimate that approximately 60% of these, or 570,000 persons, are visiting key attractions during their stay. Assuming that the LCEC is one of the premier cultural attractions in the City, we expect that it could capture between 25% and 30% of tourists who are already visiting major attractions. Viewed differently, this equates with a 15% to 18% capture of all overnight tourists to Charlottesville, or between approximately 142,500 and 171,000 visitors annually. It is logical to assume that a certain percentage of visitors to the Lewis and Clark Expedition Center will attend more than once per year. Particularly if the LCEC is aggressively utilized as a venue for receptions and other alternative uses, frequent visitation can be expected.. Based on its attractiveness as a family destination, likely destination for locals to take out- of-town visitors, and its position as a national center, we can reasonably expect multiple visits from a portion of the population. We have factored into the visitation calculations a projection that 5% of visitors would attend twice a year. This adds between approximately 20,085 and 23,196 visitor-days to the total visitation range. B. Total' Projected Visitation Hunter Interests Inc. projects that total annual visitation to the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, under the development assumptions described earlier, and based upon the market and capture analysis which we have conducted, will range 19 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D from approximately 421,788 to 487,113, with a midpoint of approximately 454,450 representing the most likely stabilized annual attendance. For purposes of additional financial projections we use 450,000 as a rounded number that reflects a conservative approach. See Tables 6,7,8 We have purposely not factored in the potential impact of the National Lewis and Clark Bicentennial celebration on visitation, al. though the LCEC (either the facility and/or the effort to create it) could certainly benefit from the national focus on Lewis and Clark. Also, the bicentennial will likely contribute to a bubble of increased visitation in the early years of operation, but this is a typical performance characteristic of any new attraction. We have focused instead on what we believe to be reasonable projections for long-term performance of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. Table 6 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Population Based Demand Capture Analysis Low High Market Population Capture Rate Visitation Primary 223,711 10-12% Secondary 2,923,934 3-4% Tertiary 14,911,402 1% Tourism* 950,000 15-18% Total Estimated Base Visitation * Current Overnight Visitors To Charlottesville. Source: Hunter Interests Inc. 22,371 - 26,845 87,718 - 116,957 149,114 - 149,114 142,500 - 171,000 401,703 - 463,917 20 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D Table 7 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Comparative Tourism Capture Analysis Low High Estimated Overnight Visitors Midpoint Percentage Visiting Key Attractions Est. Overnight Visitors to Attractions Projected LCEC Capture Rate Overnight Visitor Attendance 900,000 -- 1,000,000 950,000 60% 570,000 25%-- 30% 142,500 -- 171,000 Source: Charlottesville Albemarle Visitors Bureau; Hunter Interests Inc. Table 8 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Projected Visitation Range Low High Primary Market 22,371 26,845 Secondary Market 87.718 116,957 Tertiary Market 149,114 149,114 Tourism (Overnight Visitors) 142,500 171,000 Sub-Total 401,703 463,917 5% @ 2x Annually 20,085 23,196 Total Visitation Range 421,788 487,113 Total Estimated Visitation (Midpoint) Source: Hunter Interests Inc. 454,450 21 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D VIII. Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center ConcePtual Building Program The Conceptual Building Program is summarized below in a series of brief descriptions of pOtential components of the facility. We have estimated an appropriate amount of Net Usable Space for each component, and we have added an additional 20% to each component space to allow for circulation, tare, etc. This results in Gross Building Area square footage, all of which is delineated in Table 9. Total Net Usable Area is 67,875 square feet, and the Total Gross Building Area is 81,450 square feet. A diagrammatic layout of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center that represents spatial relationships is shown in Figure 1. An organizational diagram of the Center is provided in Figure 2. The Conceptual Building Program is designed to accommodate annual visitation of 450,000, an average daily attendance of between 1,000-1,400, and peak loading of 3,000 persons. 1. Orientation Space Entry/public area that invites and directs visitors to various areas/activities in the Center. This area should also provide an attractive environment and location for receptions and other social gatherings. This space may convey the "big picture" of the expedition through multimedia, and provide the gateway to exploring the Center. The space will accommodate 300-400 people in a reception, mode, and 100-200 in a school field trip mode. Net Useable Area -- 5,000 square feet. 2. Central EXhibit Area We envision this area being the main location for display of artifacts, large visual images, some interactive exhibits, and reproductions of key Lewis and Clark objects such as boats, wagons, clothing, weapons, tools, maps, etc. This area should capture the imagination of visitors and further induce them to "explore" all areas of the Center, while at the same time providing a good value for those tourists or other visitors who may only have a short time to spend. This area will serve as a further directional space which provides choices to visitors multiple forks in the road if you will. Given the need for some sizable exhibits, while retaining space for other nodes in the Center, it will be one of the largest single spaces. Net Useable Area -- 8,000 square feet. 22 HUNTER INTERESTS I N £; O R P O R A T E D 3. Focus Pods We recommend a series of rooms or spaces that focus on specific elements of the Lewis and Clark experience. After establishing a core group of focus pods, others could be added in the phasing program over a period of years. Although each pod would not have to be the same size, we are presuming that each area might require approximately 2,500 square feet. We have programmed five focus pods with an aggregate Net Usable Area of 12,500 square feet. Focus pods could feature subjects that include: · Jefferson as founder and force behind the expedition--also roles of Monroe and Madison · Leadership, decision making, responsibility, and discovery · Individual members of the expedition--Lewis, Clark, Sacajawea, York, etc. · The Native American role in the expedition and subsequent cultural impacts · Science and technology of the expedition--impacts on future development · Daily life on the expedition · Trip planning center--interactive links to other Lewis and Clark Centers · Impact on western migration and development of the United States · Cultural lessons in democracy, equality, voting rights, etc. · Regionalism--focus on Charlottesville area 4. Multi-Sensory, Audience Participation Theater This program component potentially represents the main attraction of the Center, and can contribute significantly to its marketability. The theater is where the Center can edge into the entertainment zone, and provide a level of excitement that will separate it from the Monticello experience and other typical museums. We envision a mix of presentation/interactive capabilities that would enable multiple uses to generate the most value from it and ensure that it was constantly in use. Some of the envisioned functions are: Multi-sensOry experience of the entire (edited) Lewis and Clark journey, possibly utilizing the Florentine Films production, "Lewis and Clark: Journey of the Corps of Discovery," which was done for the PBS broadcast. Audience participation experience, which allows for group decisions on travel routes, provisions, contact with Native Americans, food choices, etc., similar to the "Oregon Trail" interactive computer game. We envision different versions of this that could be geared toward different age groups, special interest groups, etc. 23 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D Venue for special films on a variety of Lewis and Clark material ranging from individual histories of expedition members to modem interpretations of issues encountered during and after the journey. Theater' cOuld incorporate a wide SCreen or other technOlogically advanced projection system along with motion and other sensory stimuli to enhance the tOtal Lewis and Clark experience. The program incorporates a seating capacity of just 100 to provide the most intimate and engaging experience possible. Net Usable Area -- 2,000 square feet. 5. Educational/Classroom Space This has been frequently cited as a desirable attribute of the Center by the Committee. The program.., includes space for small breakout rooms, or small lecture hall type of space that would be appropriate for after-tour discussions or other edUcational uses. Net Useable Area -- 2,000 square feet. 6. Retail Center Retail sales at the LCEC can cover a variety of goods ranging from books and videos to souvenir items. As a profit center, it is an important development component. The program provides enough space for either one fairly large retail area, or for two different retail areas--one for more serious high-end items, and one for lower-end souvenirs. Net Usable Area -- 5,000 square feet. 7. Restaurant The consultant team believes the LCEC restaurant should be high-end, full service, and large enough to accommodate at least 250 people. In addition, we recommend a small banquet room for special events. Both food and beverage components could be utilized by the seminar/conference delegates, and be a frequent visitation driver for the local market. The food and beverage service could feature menu items of regional or historical salience as an added theme element. Net useable area including kitchen ~ 8,000 square feet. 24 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D 8. Snack Bar A cafeteria or snack bar that serves a variety of fast food items is necessary for visitor satisfaction, and can provide another source of revenue. The program includes space that can accommodate 50-75 persons at one time. Net Usable Area 1,500 square feet. 9. Meeting and Seminar Space The Community Context Analysis and market analysis work demonstrated significant demand for meeting and seminar space that uses the Lewis and Clark experience as a facilitator. Such space can provide the LCEC with access to a potentially lucrative market, while at the same time providing depth and dimension to the range of experience, thought, and philosophy that Lewis and Clark represent. The program allows for five small seminar rooms ~ 750 sf per room, two large seminar rooms ~ 1,250 sfper room, five breakout rooms ~ 325 sfper room, one large conference room ~ 1,000 sf, and one board room ~1,000 sr. Additional dedicated administration office space would orequire approximately 2,000 sr. The Leadership Center could ostensibly share public space areas and dining rooms with other components of the facility. Total Net Usable Area 11,875 square feet. 10. Back of the House/Office/Restrooms. In addition to the 20% space added to Net Usable Area that allows for pedestrian flow, tare, etc., we have included a space allocation for back of the house operations, administrative office space, and restrooms. The aggregate Net Usable Area for these functions is programmed at 10,000 square feet. 11. Storage The building program includes storage space for exhibits, supplies, educational materials, retail inventory, etc. Net Usable Area 5,000 square feet. 12. Natural Exhibit/Activity Area A desire for natural areas of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, which may be mostly outdoor if a park setting is selected or recreated indoors if an urban site 25 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D is selected, has been expressed by the Committee. This area includes such features as public spaces, exhibit areas, activity nodes (walk the rope bridge, balance the boat, climb the rock face, etc.), garden areas, or some combination of these. We recommend that approximately 10,000 square feet of outdoor space be programmed to accommodate these attributes of the LCEC concept if possible. Because this component is not conceptualized as part of the building structure itself, net Usable area has not been included in hard construction costs, but rather in site development and improvement calculations. See Table 9. Table 9 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Conceptual Building Program Summary Net Usable Gross Building Usage Area SF Area SF Main Visitor Area Orientation Space Central Exhibit Area 5ve Focus Pods Multi-sensory Participation Theater Education/Classroom Space Retail Center Restaurant Snack Bar Vleeting/Seminar Space Back of House/Offices/Restrooms Storage 5,000 6,000 8,000 9,600 12,500 15,000 2,000 2,400 2,000 2,400 5,000 6,000 5,000 6,000 1,500 1,800 11,875 14,250 10,D00 12,000 5,000 6,000 Total Net Usable Area and Gross Building Area 67,875 81,450 Gross Building Area Used in Capital Cost Estimate and Development Budget 82,000 Square Feet* Does not include I0,000 square foot outdoor Natural Exhibit/Activity Area. Source: Hunter Interests Inc.; Jones & Jones 26 Z LU "~- o rY o I 0 LLI (.3 0 = 0 1.1.1 0 ~0 Z 0 0 ,~oo d~ HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D IX. Capital Cost Estimate and Development Budget Summary The Conceptual Building Plan outlined in the previous section provides 67,875 net square feet of useable space (77,875 including outdoor exhibit and activity areas). We believe this space can accommodate a world class center by maximizing utilization of the interior, and using outdoor plazas and other spaces accordingly. With a 20% factor added to allow for circulation, tare, etc., a Gross Building Area of approximately 82,000 square feet is derived. Based on unit costs for hard construction in central Virginia of $125 per square foot, assumptions regarding the use of advanced materials, and a 'comparative analysis of development costs experienced by other museums around the country, we estimate a construction budget of approximately $10.25 million will be required for the building itself. In addition to the construction costs associated with the building plan, additional costs will be incurred in the development of the LCEC. We have established categories and estimates of these costs based on experiences at other museums and science centers and/or under accepted real estate development procedures. Calculated as percentages'of the construction budget, design, FF&E (furniture, fixtures, and equipment), taxes and insurance, professional fees, a pre-opening budget, soils survey, and development contingency add approximately $3.8 million to the total development costs. Outfitting the new LCEC with exhibits will be a significant component of total development cost. However, it is difficult to project final cost 'of exhibits given the range of technology that the Center may ultimately choose to feature (in the multi-sensory theater for example), and the unknown cost of acquiring actual Lewis and Clark artifacts or quality reproductions. The aggregate cost of exhibits will also be impacted by the number which can be acquired on loan or for free, the level of"wow appeal" that is incorporated into the mix, and a host of other issues. For purposes of this analysis, we have assumed a fairly aggressive one-time exhibit development cost of $10 million. To this we have added annual costs for upgrading, leasing, and other exhibit development, which appear in the cash flow analysis. At this time we are assuming no direct land cost associated with LCEC development given available sites and current information. This cost will be factored in should it become necessary, based on changing site requirements or other contingencies. At this time we are making no assumptions as to financing costs which may be incurred during the short or long term, based on the assumption of funding as much of the capital cost as possible through private and corporate sources, grants, contributions, and other non-debt financing. 29 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D The total development budget for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center not counting any land or financing costs, is estimated to be approximately $24 million. See Table 10. Table 10 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Capital Cost and Development Budget Summary Construction Budget 82,000 GSF ~ $125 sf Added Costs Design Development Contingency FF&E Soils Survey, Civil Professional Fees Pre-Opening Budget Taxes and Insurance Financing Costs Land Cost Sub-Total, Added Costs Exhibits Total Development Cost Source: Hunter Interests Inc. 12% 5% 4% 3% 2% 10% i% $10,250,000 $1,230,000 $512,500 $410,000 $307,500 $205,000 $1,025,000 $102,500 $0 $0 $3,792,500 $10,000,000 $24,042,500 30 HUNTER INTERESTS ! N C O R P O R A T E D X. Financial Analysis A. Projected Revenue Projected operational characteristics are subject to certain unknowns at this time. However, every effort has been made to substantiate and support the most precise calculations possible. This has been accomplished primarily through a comparative analysis of other museum operations, and current financial performance at selected facilities nationwide. Hunter Interests has used this basic methodology in conjunction with analysis of local market data and information to forecast revenues. We have prepared a 10-year revenue projection based on visitation/pricing projections, the ability of the Center to obtain ongoing sponsorship and grants, and other assumptions. Potential revenues used in the cash flow analysis will be impacted by the final development program, site selection, linkage to other profit centers, emphasis on retail, and alternative public uses of the LCEC such as leadership seminars and conferences. However, we feel the revenue projections contained herein are very close to likely performance, representing a midline of potential revenue based on the market and development scenarios described thus far. Categorical revenues and their percentage makeup of total revenues as stated in this section refer to third or fourth year activity unless otherwise stated. 1. Admissions Revenue Revenue from admissions to the LCEC will be the primary source of operating funds, and its level will be a function of pricing and attendance. Museums and science centers around the country have a wide range of admission programs including full price charges of up to $20, senior and child discounts, group sales, memberships, and no-charge categories. To enhance feasibility, while maintaining the educational and cultural vision of the LCEC, we suggest a price schedule which reflects market support and comparable rates at other premier historic attractions in Virginia, while at the same time encouraging family and school visitation. After analyzing the admissions programs of more than 50 museums and science centers from throughout North America, and Considering other Charlottesville attraction pricing, we have employed the admission pricing program shown in 31 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P 0 R A T E D Table 11 in our financial projections. This establishes price points of $8 for aduks, $5 for youths (age 12 to 18), and $2 for children under 12. By comparison, Monticello charges $11 for adultS, children 6-12 are $6, and children under 12 are free. Based on a demographic distribution of 40% adults, 35% youths, and 25% children, we project admission revenues will' stabilize at approximately $2.45 million annually. See Table 11. Table 11 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Stabilized Revenues From Admissions (Year 3) Cost Per Visitors Admission Revenue Total Visitors Adult (40%) Youth, ages 12-18 (35%) Child, under age 12 (25%) 450,000 180,000 $8.00 $1,440,000 157,500 $5.00 $787,500 112,500 $2.00 $225,000 Total Revenue $2,452,500 Source: Hunter Interests Inc. In the first year, we project attendance to be above the projected stabilized level of 450,000, reaching to about 500,000 as the initial excitement and novelty of the LCEC is maximized. Therefore, our revenue projections include first year attendance revenue of $2.6 million. Revenues decline through the third year, then increase at a rate of 3% annually based on stabilized attendance with small ticket price increases and/or added admission features. See Table 14. 2, Retail/Restaurant Revenues from gift shop and retail sales will be an important part of LCEC operating revenues, and this prOfit center should be carefully developed to create a year-round shopping destination for locals and visitors alike. The LCEC could 32 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D potentially attract a top retail operator in a joint venture/leasing agreement, or choose to operate an in-house retail museum store. The former model would have the effect of reducing operating and inventory costs associated with retail sales, while establishing steady revenue from a lease arrangement. The latter model could prove more lucrative in the long run. Similarly, a restaurant component managed by an independent operator could prove economical for the LCEC. Leasing to a restaurant/hospitality operator such as Marriott Corp. or SMG could prove advantageous, or the LCEC could choose to develop its own restaurant using permanent food & beverage staff. A third alternative would be leasing to a local restaurant operator. Either way, a good restaurant and snack bar are important amenities for visitors, and important sources of revenue. We conservatively estimate that per capita revenue from gift shop and restaurant sales would be approximately $2.00. This per capita spending equates with approximately $875,000 in annual revenues, or 17% of total revenues at stabilization. 3. Grants, Contributions, and Sponsorship Potential revenue from corporate sponsorship, grants, and other contributions are expected to comprise approximately 15%-20% of total revenues, based on experiences elsewhere and taking into consideration nationally integrated programs which the LCEC could implement. Such programs may include a relationship with the University of Virginia and/or other educational and research institutions, branches of the military, support from private foundations and individual contributors, and exhibit-specific corporate sponsorship. Increasingly, corporate sponsorship represents an important funding source for cultural attractions. For purposes of the cash flow analysis we project revenue from all sources noted above will comprise 15.2% of total revenue annually, or about $780,300 annually. 4. Groups/Educational Programs Educational programs, which are also revenue producers, can assist in deferring the cost of non-revenue programs and contribute to the cash flow of the operation. Group sales, which may offer package deals including tours, special show's, special speakers, food and beverage service, and gift items, may be marketed directly by the Center and through the Charlottesville Albemarle Visitors Bureau, travel agents, etc. Based on comparisons with other museums and science centers and the objective for public education and outreach, we estimate that revenue 33 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D from programs noted above, as well as lectures, seminars, movies, etc., will comprise approximately 6% to 7% of total revenues annually, or $338,130 at stabilization. 5. Memberships In addition to regular paid admissions, memberships will also generate revenues and visitors. Membership programs have become something of a double-edged sword, generally increasing repeat visitation, but detracting from full price admissions. There is probably a net financial gain from membership programs nationally which raise overall visitation levels and result in spending on retail items, special promotions, etc. Based on aggressive promotion of a well balanced membership program, revenues from this source are projected to reach a level equal to approximately 10% of admission revenues, or 5% of gross revenue, which equates with $245,250 at stabilization. 6. Seminar/Auxiliary Programs The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center represents an attraction with significant drawing power, a unique market position, and potential locational advantages that may combine to afford it additional revenue-generating opportunities. The proposal to include a space that could offer fee-based seminars, lectures, courses, and other activities associated with leadership, personal growth, and other aspects of the Lewis and Clark eXPerience, was well received. The Director of the Federal · Executive Institute reported that many requests for use of the facility for such events are received and turned down each year. The Director of the Rotunda at the University of Virginia reported that as many as 100 requests for use of the facility are also turned away each year. Based on a conservative estimate of 10,000 conference and seminar attendees paying $20 each, we project this source would generate approximately $200,000 in revenue. Additional auxiliary uses are projected to add another $40,000 to $80,000 .each year. Total revenues from these sources amount to $238,703 in year three. 7. Catered/Special Events The LCEC could implement an aggressive special events program that Would likely include facility usage such as business and government receptions, possibly in conjunction with the University of Virginia, the Federal Executive Institute, the 34 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D Sorenson Institute for Political Leadership, and other Charlottesville organizations. Social functions such as receptions, cocktail parties, birthday parties, sleepovers, etc., also can contribute revenue to 'the Center. Its ability to offer special evening parties and other occasions for catered and separate-cost activities makes this a viable source of revenue Potential. The ultimate size, design, and configuration of the LCEC will have a direct impact on this revenue source. We feel planning should include design components which enhance the Center's ability to maximize its attractiveness as a special event site, therefore ensuring a support revenue stream and frequent alternative usage by the community. Based on comparative operational scenarios, we project that revenues from this source will account for approximately 4% of total revenues, or $208,080 in year three. 8. Total Projected Operating Revenue Based on the size and facility program of the LCEC described in Section VIII, and based on the performance projections and assumptions outlined above, we estimate that total annual operating revenues for the LCEC will be approximately $5.14 million at stabilization in year three. See Table 14. B. Projected Costs and Expenses 1. Start Up Costs In addition to the pre-opening budget and contingent costs outlined in Section IX, additional start up costs will be incurred. These may include one-time extraordinary costs for signage, promotional materials, unforeseen professional fees, supply inventory, etc. We have allocated $500,000 in start up costs to year one of the cash flow analysis, $300,000 to year two, and $100,000 in year three. The facility will be reaching stabilization between years three and four, at which time additional development funds are triggered and accounted for in the cash flow analysis. 2. General and Administrative Included in this cost category are salaries and benefits for management and administrative employees, all costs associated with full- and part-time staff employees, costs associated with training and administration of volunteers, and other soft costs including insurance. 35 HUNTER INTERESTS I N CO RP O R ^ T E D Based on permanent staffing assumptions including 53 FTE employees shown in Table 12, we project that wages and salaries will cost approximately $1.8 million including payroll expenses and benefits. We project that other general and administrative costs will add an additional $200,000 to this expense category. lan Table 12 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Permanent Staff Cost Summary Annual Cost Annual Cost Management Staff Executive Director Finance Director Development Director Seminar Manager Operations Manager Education Director Subtotal Leadership Programs/Research Artifact/Research Curator Program Director Shift Staff Weekends 26 30K Administrative Staff 26 14/hr. Research Assistants 26 10/hr. Subtotal Development Department Marketing Public Relations Communications Asst. Subtotal Educational Department Graphics Program Development Subtotal $80,000 $66,000 $60,000 $55,000 $50,000 $45,000 $356,000 $40,000 $35,000 $60,000 $56,000 $40,000 $231,000 $30,000 $30,000 $25,000 $85,000 $28,000 $25,000 $53,000 Gift Shop/Admissions Manager Ass't. Manager Cash Register Clerks Subtotal 26 12/hr. 36 8~. Food Service* Chefs Food Beverage Manager Cooks Cash Register Kitchen Staff Subtotal 2@ 25K 26 12/hr. 4@ 8/hr. Security Manager Shift Managers 26 25K Permanent Staff 46 12K Subtotal Grounds & Building Maintenance Manager 'Electrician 26 35K Permanent Staff 4~20K Motor Pool Houskeeping 26 8/hr. Total Staff Costs Additional Payroll Costs & Benefits Total Staff Costs $35,000 $20,000 $48,000 $48,000 $151,001] $50,000 $40,000 $50,000 $48,000 $64,OOO $252,001] $40,000 $5O,OOO $48,000 $138,001] $35,000 $70,000 $80,000 $20,000 $32,000 $237,000 ·$1,503,000 20% $300,600 $1,803,600 Food Service staffing costs would be significantly reduced or eliminated if the Lewis and Clark Center utilized an outside operator. Source: Hunter Interests Inc. 36 HUNTER INTERESTS ! N C O R P O R A T E D 3. RetailfRestaurant Sales The cost of retail/restaurant sales are projected at approximately 75% of revenues based on a mid range of potential costs including staff salaries, which are dependent on future management decisions. The profit margin on retail sales could be higher if the Museum Store is operated in house, although out-sourcing restaurant operations would be preferable. Estimated expenses are approximately $656,250 in year three. 4. Plant Operations The following costs and expenses are basic components of LCEC operations. Actual costs may vary depending on the ultimate size, design, and construction, although we have used an aggressive development program as a basis for estimating costs. a. Changing Exhibits The cost of initial development of exhibits is covered in Section IX of this report. However, there will be ongoing costs to the LCEC associated with replacing exhibits, building or acquiring new exhibits to foster repeat visitation, and providing for changeable exhibits which are leased or exchanged with other facilities. These features, along with acquisition of newer technologies associated with exhibits, are expected to cost approximately $200,000 annually, assuming that the new Center will actively seek the most cost-effective means of creating and acquiring new exhibits. A greater budget allowance for new and changing exhibits may be desirable. Monies from the development fund, contingency fund, promotional fund, or special allocations from grants and sponsorships could be used to augment expenditures in this area. b. Repairs/Maintenance/Supplies Costs for ongoing repairs and maintenance to the exhibits and facility will be a significant component of total plant operational costs. Upkeep of high-tech audiovisual equipment, computers, and other mainstays of the LCEC will be important to customer satisfaction, as well as purely functional issues. Much of this work could be handled by staff technicians 37 HUN R TERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D l and various in-house experts, however, we have allocated an additional $150,000 annually for repairs and maintenance. Miscellaneous supplies, including those needed for cleaning and care of the exhibits and the public areas of the facility are estimated to cost apprOximately $25,000, based on expenditures at other museums, bringing the total estimated annual expense for this component of operations to around $175,000. See Table 13. Table 13 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Plant Operations Cost Summary Cost Component Rate/Amount Annual Expense Changing Exhibits Repairs/Maintenance/Supplies Contract Services Utilities Plant Operations--Annual Cost Total '.ource: Hunter Interests Inc. $200,000 $175,000 $125,000 $120,000 $620,000 c. Outside Professional/Contract Services These services may include those Of accounting and law firms, maintenance and cleaning services, food service providers, etc. Costs associated ;with this expenditure category may vary widely depending on various management decisions in the future which will determine how many services will be maintained in house. For example, food and beverage services may be LCEC-based, or out-sourced. In this analysis we have programmed a fairly comprehensive food and beverage operation. Similarly, other professional and technical services may be assumed by LCEC staff, or contracted to independent providers. Based on a moderate use of contract services, we estimate annual costs to be approximately $125,000. 38 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D d. Utilities: Water, Electricity Based on the building plan assumptions covered in previous sections and water and electrical use predicated on an average of 1,200 visitors daily, we proj eot the cost of utilities to be approximately $120,000 per year. 5. Promotional/Marketing We have estimated that promotional and marketing expenses will equal approximately 10%-15% of gross revenues, based on the assumption that the LCEC will require aggressive marketing, and skilled management maintaining multimedia advertising and promotional programs to achieve maximum visitation potential. Promotional and marketing expenses are expected to increase over time in order for the Center to maintain market share. In the first full year of operation, $500,000 is budgeted assuming that additional funds for promoting the opening could be allocated from the $500,000 start up costs, and $1 million pre-opening budget. The Center could also expect to receive "good will" value nearly equal to its cash expenditures in the form of press coverage, inclusion in Charlottesville and Virginia state promotional material, and national exposure through the Association of Science-Technology Centers Incorporated (ASTC) and the travel industry. The cost of promotion and marketing is projected to rise to about $775,000 by the tenth year of operation. 6. Groups/Education The cost of educational programs will be a function of personnel expenses (covered in General and Administrative) and costs associated with materials and supplies, printed and audiovisual presentations, travel and subsistence expenses. We estimate costs for educational programs, outside of payroll expenses, to be approximately 75% of revenues from this operations category. Some sub- categories such as the travel group package business may yield a greater net profit, while public education and outreach programs in the community will likely operate at a deficit. We project the annual cost of groups and education programs to be approximately $254,898 at stabilization. 7. Cost of Seminar/Auxiliary Programs These costs will include staff time, printed seminar materials, audiovisual products, and miscellaneous supplies. We estimate the cost of the seminar and auxiliary programs at 80% of revenues, amounting to $200,000 in year three. 39 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D Cost of Catered Events and Retail/Restaurant Sales The cost of catered events may include food and beverage supplies, personnel, equipment rental or other specific items depending on the final catering services offered. Catering may be done in house, which might increase the cost, or outside caterers may be used, which would redUce the cost. We estimate the cost of catered events at between 70% and 80% of revenues, which represents a midpoint of likely cost levels. Total expenses for catered events are estimated at approximately $168,750 in year three. 9. Development Monies for new development will be a function of net cash flow from operations, effectively comprised of the Net Operating Income (NOI), minus contingency fund allotments, and any funds used for debt service. Unforeseen costs or management decisions regarding allocation of funds could significantly affect funding for new development, however, we have characterized a development bubble, which is allocated $200,000 annually between years 2 and 7. In the first year of the cash flow analysis $100,000 is budgeted, and in years 8 through 10, the development budget is $175,000. This curve assumes a concentration of development monies, including start-up, focused on reaching and maintaining stabilized visitation. 10. Contingency/Replacement Reserve A contingency budget equal to 5% of Total Operating Expenses has been added prior to estimating Net Operating Income. 11. Total Projected Operating ExPenses Based on the size and facility program of the LCEC described in Section VIII, and based on the cost projections and assumptions outlined above, we estimate that total annual operating expenses for the LCEC will be approximately $4.86 million at stabilization in year three. 40 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D C. Cash Flow Summary The results ~)f the 10-year analysis performed for the LCEC indicate that the facility can generate revenues in excess of costs to produce a positive Net Operating Income (NOI). At stabilization in the third year, NOI is projected to be approximately $34,000. The NOI grows to $140,000 in year four as start-up costs are absorbed, and the NOI remains at or above this level throughout the projected 1 O-year period. We have been conservative in our approach to forecasting revenue streams, while at the same time recognizing market potential, supportable admission pricing, and additional sources of revenue that the LCEC could reasonably expect to incorporate. Reduced pricing, failure of the Center to acquire grants and contributions, or exclusion of particular revenue sources would obviously decrease NOI. We have been less conservative in our estimation of costs and expenses in order to establish an overall cash flow analysis that ultimately proves close to reality. Every attempt has been made to accurately calculate the costs associated with specific compo.nents of operations, staffing requirements, maintenance of equipment, exhibits, and other components of total annual expenses. 41 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D 42 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D XI. Funding Evaluation and Recommendations Based on results of the cash flow analysis we believe the LCEC can be self- supporting, however, it is unlikely that it can support any significant conventional debt financing to cover capital costs associated with construction and development. Preliminary assessment of funding availability from the private sector, including contributions, grants, and sponsorship by corporations is encouraging. There are a number of high-technology firms in the Charlottesville area that' could be approached and large corporations that could also find name association with the LCEC to be an attractive marketing investment. Public sector funding from city, state, and federal sources is also potentially available, as are low interest loans, and bonds, which may contribute to the complete funding package. To acquire the estimated $24 million in capital costs required to construct, outfit, and open the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center, we recommend a funding/ development model that includes 'the following components: The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center could seek to raise $15 million from private contributions, philanthropic institutions, grants, membership sales, and corporate sponsorship, agreements. The strong technology sector of the Virginia economy, linkages with the University of Virginia, the range of Lewis and Clark groups and enthusiasts, and national companies from various sectors all represent viable sources of development capital. Native American tribes with gaming interests span the Lewis and Clark trail, and they represent a potentially viable funding source as well. The role of other minorities in the Lewis and Clark expedition can be featured, and interest groups and public investment programs that are minority-based could also be approached for grants and other contributions. Matching funds from government programs may be available also. Pre-lease agreements with national retail operations and/or food service companies could also contribute to this portion of the capital campaign. Corporate monies may be especially suited to funding of exhibits, technological components, and interactive video programs. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center could seek public funding in the form of grants and contributions from state and federal programs and agencies of $5 million. Education, historical research, economic development, and other initiatives may provide infusions of cash, in-kind payments, or other meaningful contributions. Direct funding from the City of Charlottesville may represent the most direct route to achieving capital requirements, although no 43 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D such support has been indicated at this time. Linkage of Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center development with other important public projects such as the Charlottesville Conference Center could be part of a strategic plan to gain support. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center could seek to acquire additional funding of $5 million through conventional debt financing or tax exempt financing in the form of Virginia Industrial Revenue Bonds. There may be other Iow, or no, interest money available to the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center if it functions in part as an educational facility or if it hosts government training programs. Asset-backed financing using sponsorship and/or pre-lease agreements represents another avenue for development funding that might be pursued. The Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center could lease property from the City, County or institutional partner at a minimal cost based on performance thresholds, or seek a gifted parcel as part of a public/private development partnership. The public sector could provide site development funding of $2 million to $3 million, and/or provide utility infrastructure, roads, access and parking for the Center at no cost. The investment will be returned in the form of direct and indirect economic impacts associated with construction, permanent jobs, and spin-off spending in the local economy by visitors to the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. 44 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D XII..Site Discussion A. Site Discussion Methodology This section of the report includes observations and a preliminary discussion of options regarding the location of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. Hunter Interests Inc. was supplied with a report entitled "Possible Sites for the Lewis and Clark Expedition Center," prepared by the Office of Strategic Planning, which summarized previous committee site work, criteria for choosing prospective sites, base parcel information, and base maps of the possible sites. Criteria for site selection in that report included: · · · · · · · · · · · Good regional access Linkages to downtown Linkages to the University of Virginia Linkages to other area attractions (e.g., Monticello, Ash Lawn) Good public transportation access and parking Proximity to hospitality facilities (e.g., hotels, restaurants, and conference · facilities Proximity to shopping Outdoor exhibit and activity capabilities Ability to attract other development Access to natural trail and pedestrian areas 'Access to pedestrian areas (e.g., Downtown Mall, "the Comer," The Lawn) Site size allowing for development In all, about 25 sites located in both the City of Charlottesville and Albemarle County were identified as possible locations for the Lewis and Clark 'Exploratory Center. In addition to a detailed review of the above referenced report, the consulting team physically viewed each of the sites during fieldwork in Charlottesville, and returned to certain sites on repeat visits. Most sites were excluded from the list of possibilities due to a variety of characteristics, issues, and physical attributes that made them less desirable than others, or otherwise infeasible in our judgement. There were two primary factors in elimination of sites from consideration. First, the size of many sites was simply too small to effectively meet the requirements for the physical building, as well as the park!ng, access, and other needs anticipated for the conceptualized facility. Indeed, HII's visitation 45 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C OR P 0 R A T E D and other projections are based, in part, on the ability of the Center (and the site where it is located) to fully accommodate market demand. For example, the Water Street Parking Lot is less than one acre, the Garrett Street Area (three parcels) less than two acres combined, the Woodard property on 5th Street is less than ¼ acre, the comer of 5th and Cleveland is less than one acre, and the Water Street Amphitheater site is about 1/10th of an acre. We estimate that the LCEC will require approximately six acres, including necessary space for parking, ingress and egress for optimal performance. ~Vhile a significantly downsized Center couM be developed on a small parcel, limitations on access, visitor capacity, etc., would be passed through as limitations on total visitation and potential revenues. Several sites included significant adaptive building reuse requirements which do not suit the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center development concept, and would have a significant negative impact on potential visitation. For example the NGIC Building is a multi-story office building and ill suited to museum use; the Wachovia Building on the Mall is similarly ill-suited to large-scale museum activities; and the Jefferson School has historic preservation issues, as well as structural limitations, limiting thereby restricting its potential as a site for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. Buildings such as these could be adaptively reused as a museum, but they would significantly reduce the opportunity of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center to meet its market potential. B. Recommended Site Types for Consideration With a view toward maximizing potential visitation and economic impact, and based on the criteria used in the Site Plan Committee Report as well as our own development experience, we suggest that the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Committee study the site issue further. In this section we have been instructed to identify two primary site types which work best for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. They can generally be described as: 1) an Urban Setting, and 2) a Park Setting Following is an outline of the positive and negative attributes of theSe settings that should be given further consideration by the Committee and the City of Charlottesville as locations for the proposed Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. The settings are discussed in the context of their general attributes, location in relation to transportation access, other attractions, etc. The proposed Center's exact optimal location within the two settings has not been determined, but should be the subject of a detailed analysis in the next work phase, if the decision is made to move forward on the project. 46 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D 1. Urban Setting Positive characteristics of an urban setting include: · Maximum economic impact potential for downtown businesses · Central location which may be part of a larger City plan for development · Potential linkage to future convention center development · Programmatic and visitation synergy with urban attractions · Proximity to downtown hotels · Aggregate urban site could host critical mass of development · Aggregate urban site could accommodate surface and structured parking Negative characteristics of the urban setting include: · Land acquisition, demolition, and site preparation impact on capital costs · Parcel size and location could limit on-site parking and access. · Strategic complexities associated with construction in concert with development other 2. Park Setting Positive attributes associated with a park setting include: · Open space can allow for outdoor activities and exhibit components · Land area for superior' parking and access infrastructure · Park environment is in keeping with other Lewis and Clark centers · Pedestrian trail and water liv4k, ages are possible · Relative proximity to downtown The negative characteristics of a park setting include: · LeSs economic impact on the downtown core than an urban location · Potential resistance from the community to development of open space park In summary, we belieVe each of the settings outlined above represents generally feasible locations for the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. Each has positive and negative characteristics that must be balanced with funding requirements, acquisition, and timing issues, as well as long-term goals for the Center and its role as a major new cultural, entertainment, and educational attraction. 47 HUNTER INTERESTS I N C O R P O R A T E D XIII. Economic Impact Analysis Development and operation of the LCEC will create significant economic impacts for the City of Charlottesville and surrounding area. These impacts can generally be categorized as those associated with direct spending, and indirect impacts associated with respending of initial expenditures throughout the economy in a multiplier effect. We have employed the U.S. Commerce Department's RIMs II economic model for calculating these indirect impacts. Direct impacts resulting from LCEC development will include: construction jobs; ongoing full- and part-time jobs at the Center; capital expenditures for building and outfitting the facility; ongoing purchases of goods and services by the Center; and, sales tax paid on retail goods, food and beverage sales, etc. Another direct impact will be increased tourist visitation and expenditures including a percentage of new overnight visitors who contribute most to the local economy. Indirect impacts resulting from development of the LCEC will include: income taxes paid by' construction workers and the full- and part-time employees of the facility; spending of wages and salaries on other sectors of the economy such as housing, food, and consumer goods; additional spending by tourigts on hotel rooms, restaurants, entertainment, retail goods, other local attractions, car rentals, etc. A. Direct Economic impact Summary Based on the market analysis, development assumptions, revenue and operating cost projections, and other information contained in this report, we estimate the following direct economic impacts resulting from the development and operation of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center: Capital investment of approximately $24 million will be made in the construction and outfitting of the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center. A significant portion of these expenditures may be spent in the local economy on building materials, furnishings, fittings, equipment, and professional services. Construction costs of approximately $10 million will result in approximately 100 construction jobs being created. Approximately $2.8 million in wages and salaries will be paid to these workers. ,,, 50 HUNTER INTERESTS 1 N C O R P O R A T E D Approximately 53 FTE jobs will be created and maintained by Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center operations including well paid administrative, technical, and professional positions. Wages and salaries paid to these employees will be approximately $1.5 million annually. Payroll expenses including benefits will likely add an additional $300,000 to direct impacts each year. Ongoing purchases of goods and services by the Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center will generate approximately $2.4 million in direct spending each year, some of which will occur in the local economy, and other portions which will be expended in the national economy. Total direct economic impacts from Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center development include one-time capital expenditure of 524 million, and annual direct spending of approximately $4.2 million. B. Indirect Economic Impact Summary Using the U.S. Department of Commerce RIMS II model for economic multipliers, we estimate direct impacts will generate an additional 3.102 times the spending in a ripple effect through the economy. Therefore, we estimate that capital expenditures will create approximately $74.5 million in indirect impacts, and ongoing expenditures by the Center will generate approximately $13 million in annual indirect economic impacts. C. Tourism Impacts In addition to the direct and indirect economic impacts summarized above, the LCEC also has the potential to have a significant impact on tourism in the Charlottesville area. It will have a beneficial impact on the convention business, hotels, and other sectors of the tourism economy, and bring "net new" daytrippers and overnight visitors to the City. The impact of daytrippers will be mostly directed through the Center in the form of admissions and spending on retail goods. Therefore, these impacts are generally covered as direct economic impacts. Based on the conservative assumption that approximately 10% of all visitors will be making their first trip to Charlottesville, spin-off spending can be expected from an estimated 40,000 to 51 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D 50,000 "net new" day-visitors, however, these expenditures are difficult to quantify. We estimate that attendance at other attractions, spending in local restaurants, consumer purchases and the like may .contribute an additional $200,000 to $500,000 to the local economy based 'on per capita expenditures outside the Center of $5 to $10. Based on current overnight tourist visitation to Charlottesville of 900,000 to 1 million and our own capture analysis, we project that the Center might increase that level by 1% to 2%, or 10,000 to 20,000 persons. Based on an analysis of the average amount and distribution of overnight tourism expenditures in the Charlottesville/Albemarle market, we calculate per capita spending at approximately $210. This translates into "net new" overnight tourism spending of between $2.1 million and $4.2 million in the local economy. When the multiplier effect is applied to net new spending by daytrippers and overnight visitors, an annual indirect economic impact of between $7.1 million and $14.5 million can be expected. See Table 15. 52 HUNTER INTERESTS [ N C O R P O R A T E D Table 15 Lewis and Clark Exploratory Center Economic Impact Summary Direct Economic Impacts Capital Investment Construction Costs FTE Construction Jobs Construction Wages and Salaries FTE Permanent Jobs Wages, Salaries, Benefits Purchase of Goods and Services ]?otal Direct Impacts One Time Direct impact Annual Direct Impact Total Indirect Economic Impacts One Time Indirect Impact Annual Indirect Impact Tourism Impacts Projected "Net New" Day Visitors Spin-Off Expenditures Projected "Net New" Overnight Visitors Spin-Off Expenditures Combined Tourism Impact W/Multiplier Source: Hunter Interests Inc. 40,000 to $200,000 to 10,000 to $2,100,000 to $7,134,600 to $24,OOO,000 $10,000,000 100 $2,800,000 53 $1,800,000 $2,400,000 $24,000,000 $4,200,000 $74,448,000 $13,028,400 50,000 $500,000 20,000 $4,200,000 $14,579,400 53